One of the techniques given by F.W. Taylor that violates a principle given by Henry Fayol is the technique of Functional Foremanship.

Functional Foremanship:
Functional Foremanship is a technique introduced by F.W. Taylor in his scientific management principles. According to this technique, the functions of a foreman are divided into two categories: Planning and Execution. Under planning, there are two foremen - one responsible for the planning of work and the other for the instruction of workers. Under execution, there are eight specialized foremen, each responsible for a specific aspect of production.

Violation of Fayol's Principle:
Henry Fayol, a management theorist, introduced the principle of unity of command. According to this principle, an employee should receive orders from only one superior to avoid confusion and conflicts. However, the technique of Functional Foremanship introduced by Taylor violates this principle as it introduces multiple foremen who have authority over workers.

Explanation:
The technique of Functional Foremanship violates the principle of unity of command as it introduces multiple foremen who have authority over workers. In this technique, workers receive instructions from one foreman responsible for planning and another foreman responsible for instruction. Additionally, there are eight specialized foremen who supervise different aspects of production. This creates a situation where workers may receive conflicting instructions or face confusion due to multiple sources of authority.

The principle of unity of command is important for maintaining a clear chain of command, ensuring efficient communication, and avoiding conflicts and misunderstandings. When workers receive instructions from multiple foremen, it can lead to a lack of clarity, reduced productivity, and increased chances of errors and conflicts.

Henry Fayol's principle of unity of command is based on the idea that employees should have a clear reporting structure and receive instructions from a single superior. This helps in maintaining discipline, coordination, and accountability within an organization. By introducing multiple foremen with authority over workers, the technique of Functional Foremanship violates this principle and can hinder the smooth functioning of an organization.

In conclusion, the technique of Functional Foremanship introduced by F.W. Taylor violates Henry Fayol's principle of unity of command. This technique introduces multiple foremen with authority over workers, which can lead to confusion, conflicts, and reduced efficiency within an organization.