Some salient demographic features of India include:

1. Population: India is the second-most populous country in the world, with over 1.3 billion people.

2. Age Structure: India has a relatively young population, with a median age of around 29 years. The youth population (15-34 years) is significant, comprising about 34% of the total population.

3. Gender Ratio: India has a slightly skewed gender ratio, with more males than females. The sex ratio is around 940 females per 1000 males.

4. Urbanization: The country is experiencing rapid urbanization, with a significant proportion of the population residing in urban areas. As of 2020, about 35% of the population lives in cities.

5. Linguistic Diversity: India is known for its linguistic diversity, with over 1,600 languages spoken across the country. Hindi, Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, and Gujarati are some of the major languages.

6. Religious Diversity: India is home to various religions, with Hinduism being the majority religion, followed by Islam, Christianity, Sikhism, Buddhism, and Jainism, among others.

7. Literacy Rate: The literacy rate in India has been steadily increasing, but there is still a significant gap between urban and rural areas. As of 2018, the overall literacy rate was around 74%.

8. Economic Disparities: India has significant economic disparities, with a large portion of the population living below the poverty line. However, there is also a growing middle class and an increasing number of high-income individuals.

9. Caste System: India has a complex caste system that influences social and economic relationships. It divides the society into different hierarchical groups based on birth, occupation, and social status.

10. Migration: Internal migration is prevalent in India, with people moving from rural to urban areas in search of better opportunities. Additionally, India has a significant diaspora spread across different countries.