In 1957, the Communist Party of India (CPI) formed the government in Kerala. This historic event marked the first time a communist government came into power through democratic means in any state in India. The formation of the CPI-led government in Kerala was a significant milestone in the state's political history and had a lasting impact on its social and economic development.

Here is a detailed explanation of how the CPI formed the government in Kerala in 1957:

Background:
- The state of Kerala, located in the southern part of India, had a strong presence of left-wing political parties, including the CPI.
- The 1950s witnessed a wave of social and political movements in Kerala, with a focus on land reforms, workers' rights, and social equality.
- The CPI had a well-organized network of cadres and enjoyed significant support among the working class, peasants, and marginalized communities.

Elections and Results:
- The general elections in Kerala were held in February 1957, following the delimitation of constituencies based on the recommendations of the Delimitation Commission.
- The CPI, along with its allies under the banner of the United Front, contested the elections against the ruling Indian National Congress (INC).
- The United Front comprised the CPI, the Socialist Party, the Revolutionary Socialist Party, and several smaller parties and independent candidates.
- The United Front campaigned on a platform of progressive and socialist policies, emphasizing the need for land reforms, workers' rights, and social justice.

Formation of the Government:
- The United Front achieved a remarkable victory in the elections, winning 127 out of the 126 seats in the Kerala Legislative Assembly.
- The CPI emerged as the single largest party within the coalition, securing 60 seats.
- Under the leadership of E.M.S. Namboodiripad, the CPI staked its claim to form the government.
- On April 5, 1957, the CPI-led government was sworn in, marking the beginning of the first democratically elected communist government in India.
- E.M.S. Namboodiripad became the first Chief Minister of Kerala.

Impact and Legacy:
- The CPI-led government in Kerala implemented a series of progressive and radical reforms, including land reforms, education reforms, and pro-worker policies.
- Land reforms aimed at redistributing land to landless and marginalized farmers, reducing inequalities in land ownership.
- Education reforms focused on expanding access to education, improving literacy rates, and promoting secular and scientific education.
- The government also implemented labor reforms to protect workers' rights and improve working conditions.
- The policies and initiatives of the CPI-led government in Kerala had a lasting impact on the state's social and economic development, setting it apart from other Indian states.

In conclusion, the Communist Party of India (CPI) formed the government in Kerala in 1957 through the United Front coalition's victory in the state elections. This marked the beginning of the first democratically elected communist government in India and had a significant impact on Kerala's social and economic development.