Dhamma Mahamatta refers to the special officers appointed by Ashoka to spread the message of dharma. Ashoka, also known as Ashoka the Great, was an Indian emperor of the Maurya dynasty who ruled from 268 to 232 BCE. After witnessing the devastating consequences of the Kalinga war, which caused immense loss of life and suffering, Ashoka underwent a profound transformation and embraced Buddhism as his guiding principle.

Appointment of Dhamma Mahamatta:
Ashoka was deeply inspired by the teachings of Buddhism and sought to propagate its principles throughout his empire. To achieve this, he appointed a special cadre of officers known as Dhamma Mahamattas. These officers were entrusted with the responsibility of spreading the message of dharma, which encompassed moral and ethical conduct, compassion, non-violence, and respect for all living beings.

Responsibilities of Dhamma Mahamatta:
The Dhamma Mahamattas had several duties and responsibilities in their role as emissaries of dharma. Some of these responsibilities included:

1. Spreading the teachings of Buddhism: The primary role of the Dhamma Mahamattas was to disseminate the teachings of Buddhism among the people. They would travel to various regions, villages, and towns, delivering sermons and educating people about the principles of dharma.

2. Promoting moral and ethical conduct: The Dhamma Mahamattas played a crucial role in promoting moral and ethical conduct among the populace. They would advise people on the importance of leading a virtuous life, emphasizing principles such as honesty, kindness, and respect for others.

3. Resolving disputes: Another responsibility of the Dhamma Mahamattas was to act as mediators in resolving conflicts and disputes. They would encourage peaceful resolution and mediation, guiding people towards non-violent means of resolving their differences.

4. Assisting the needy: The Dhamma Mahamattas were also tasked with providing assistance and support to the needy and disadvantaged members of society. They would coordinate relief efforts, distribute aid, and ensure that the less fortunate were taken care of.

Impact of Dhamma Mahamatta:
The appointment of Dhamma Mahamattas had a significant impact on society during Ashoka's reign. As these officers spread the message of dharma, they contributed to the moral and ethical upliftment of the people. The principles of non-violence, compassion, and social responsibility became ingrained in the collective consciousness of the empire, leading to the establishment of a more harmonious and just society.

Conclusion:
Ashoka's appointment of Dhamma Mahamattas showcases his commitment to promoting Buddhism and fostering a society based on moral values. These officers played a vital role in disseminating the teachings of dharma, promoting ethical conduct, resolving disputes, and assisting the needy. The impact of their efforts can still be felt today, as Ashoka's reign is regarded as a golden period of peace, prosperity, and spiritual enlightenment in ancient India.