Explanation:

A photovoltaic cell is not a type of electrochemical cell. Here's why:

1. Voltaic Cell:
A voltaic cell, also known as a galvanic cell, is an electrochemical cell that converts chemical energy into electrical energy. It consists of two half-cells, each containing an electrode and an electrolyte solution. The two half-cells are connected by a salt bridge or porous barrier, allowing the flow of ions. In a voltaic cell, a spontaneous redox reaction occurs, generating an electric current. This type of cell is commonly used in batteries.

2. Electrolytic Cell:
An electrolytic cell is an electrochemical cell that uses electrical energy to drive a non-spontaneous redox reaction. Unlike a voltaic cell, which produces electrical energy, an electrolytic cell requires an external power source to operate. The electrical energy is used to drive the reaction in the opposite direction, allowing for the deposition of metals or the electrolysis of compounds. Electrolytic cells are used in various applications, such as electroplating and the production of chemicals.

3. Fuel Cell:
A fuel cell is an electrochemical cell that converts the chemical energy of a fuel and an oxidizing agent into electrical energy. It operates like a voltaic cell but continuously receives a supply of fuel and oxidant, allowing for the generation of electricity as long as the reactants are provided. Fuel cells are highly efficient and are used as power sources in various applications, including electric vehicles and stationary power systems.

4. Photovoltaic Cell:
A photovoltaic cell, also known as a solar cell, is not an electrochemical cell. It is a solid-state device that directly converts sunlight into electricity through the photovoltaic effect. When sunlight hits the semiconductor material in the solar cell, it excites electrons, creating a flow of electric current. Photovoltaic cells are widely used in solar panels to generate electricity from sunlight.

In summary, while voltaic cells, electrolytic cells, and fuel cells are all types of electrochemical cells, a photovoltaic cell is not an electrochemical cell. It is a device that directly converts sunlight into electricity through the photovoltaic effect.