Ancient India (up to 650 AD)
- This period includes the Indus Valley Civilization, Vedic Period, Mauryan Empire, Gupta Empire, and the early medieval period.
- It is characterized by the development of early civilizations, the rise of empires, and the spread of religions such as Hinduism and Buddhism.

Medieval India (650 AD to 1857 AD)
- This period covers the rule of various dynasties such as the Delhi Sultanate, Mughal Empire, Vijayanagara Empire, Maratha Empire, and the Sikh Empire.
- It also includes the advent of Islam in India, the establishment of new cultural and architectural styles, and the impact of European colonialism.

Modern India (1857 AD to present)
- This period encompasses the Indian freedom struggle, the British Raj, independence in 1947, and the subsequent partition of India.
- It also includes the formation of the Republic of India, economic reforms, and the challenges faced by the country in the post-independence era.

Contemporary India
- This period focuses on the social, political, and economic developments in India since independence.
- It includes topics such as globalization, environmental issues, social movements, and the country's role in the global arena.