Sri Lanka, formerly known as Ceylon, and India both gained their independence from British colonial rule. The British Empire had established control over these territories during the 19th and early 20th centuries. The process of decolonization began after World War II, as the colonies sought self-governance and independence.


Sri Lanka was under British rule for nearly 150 years, from 1815 to 1948. During this period, the British implemented various administrative and political reforms, which laid the foundation for a modern democratic system. The British introduced concepts such as representative government, rule of law, and individual rights.


India was also under British rule for a significant period, from 1858 to 1947. The British East India Company initially established control over parts of India in the 18th century, and later the British Crown took direct control following the Indian Rebellion of 1857. The British introduced a centralized administrative system, established a legal framework, and implemented reforms to modernize India.


The legacy of British rule in Sri Lanka and India played a crucial role in shaping their democratic systems after independence. The British introduced the concept of parliamentary democracy, with elected representatives and a system of governance based on the rule of law. They also established institutions such as the judiciary, civil service, and educational institutions, which provided a framework for the functioning of democratic governance.


After gaining independence, both Sri Lanka and India chose to adopt democratic systems of governance. They drew inspiration from their shared colonial past and the principles of democracy introduced by the British. Sri Lanka became a democratic republic in 1972, while India adopted a democratic system from its very inception as an independent nation in 1947.


Both Sri Lanka and India have managed to successfully operate democratic systems since their independence. Despite challenges and occasional setbacks, they have held regular elections, maintained a free press, and upheld individual freedoms and rights. The democratic traditions and institutions inherited from British rule have played a significant role in ensuring stability and promoting people's participation in the governance process.

Overall, the independence of Sri Lanka and India from the British Empire paved the way for the establishment and successful operation of democratic systems in both countries. The legacy of British colonial rule, with its emphasis on representative government and the rule of law, provided a strong foundation for the development of democratic governance in these nations.