The correct answer is option D, "2013". The National Food Security Act was passed in India on September 12, 2013. The act aims to provide subsidised food grains to approximately two-thirds of India's 1.2 billion people. This act guarantees 5 kg of food grains per person per month at highly subsidized prices of Rs. 1-3/Kg to priority and Antyodaya households. This act was passed by the parliament and got Presidential assent on 10th September 2013 and came into force from 5th July, 2014.

The National Food Security Act was passed in the year 2013. Here is a detailed explanation of the act:

Introduction:
The National Food Security Act, 2013 (NFSA) is an act of the Parliament of India that aims to provide food security to the citizens of India. The act ensures that every person in the country is entitled to receive adequate and nutritious food at affordable prices.

Provisions of the National Food Security Act:
The salient features of the National Food Security Act are:

1. Coverage: The NFSA covers up to 75% of the rural population and up to 50% of the urban population. Pregnant women, lactating mothers, and children below the age of six are entitled to special provisions.

2. Entitlements: The act provides for the supply of five kg of foodgrains per person per month at highly subsidized prices. Rice, wheat, and coarse cereals are the three types of foodgrains that are distributed.

3. Identification of Beneficiaries: The state governments are responsible for identifying the eligible beneficiaries and issuing them ration cards. The act also provides for the setting up of a grievance redressal mechanism for complaints regarding the distribution of foodgrains.

4. Reforms in Public Distribution System: The act provides for the use of technology in the public distribution system to ensure transparency and efficiency. It also lays down penalties for violations of its provisions.

Impact of the National Food Security Act:
The NFSA has had a significant impact on the food security of the country. It has ensured that millions of people have access to adequate and nutritious food at affordable prices. The act has also helped in reducing malnutrition and improving the health of the citizens.

Conclusion:
The National Food Security Act, 2013 is a landmark legislation that has helped in ensuring food security for the citizens of India. The act has played a vital role in reducing hunger and malnutrition in the country.

Though the issue of 'food security' at the household is continuously being addressed by the Government since long, through the Public Distribution System and the Targeted Public Distribution System, the enactment of the National Food Security Act, (NFSA) 2013 on July 5, 2013 marks a paradigm shift in the approach to