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The frictional resistance for fluids in motion is
- a)proportional to the velocity in laminar flow and to the square of the velocity in turbulent flow
- b)proportional to the square of the velocity in laminar flow and to the velocity in turbulent flow
- c)proportional to the velocity in both laminar flow and turbulent flow
- d)proportional to the square of the velocity in both laminar flow and turbulent flow
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
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The frictional resistance for fluids in motion isa)proportional to the...
According to the laws of fluid friction, rf / v (for steady streamline flow) and rf / v2(for turbulent flow), where rf is the frictional resistance and v is the velocity of flow.
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The frictional resistance for fluids in motion isa)proportional to the...
Understanding Fluid Flow and Frictional Resistance
Fluid flow behavior can be characterized by two distinct regimes: laminar flow and turbulent flow. Each regime exhibits different relationships between frictional resistance and velocity.
Laminar Flow
- In laminar flow, fluid particles move in parallel layers with minimal mixing.
- The frictional resistance is directly proportional to the velocity.
- This means that as the velocity increases, the resistance increases linearly.
- Mathematically, this can be expressed as: Frictional Resistance ∝ Velocity.
Turbulent Flow
- In turbulent flow, the fluid particles move chaotically, creating eddies and vortices.
- The frictional resistance becomes proportional to the square of the velocity.
- This indicates that a small increase in velocity results in a significantly larger increase in resistance.
- Mathematically, this can be expressed as: Frictional Resistance ∝ Velocity².
Conclusion
- The key difference between the two flow types lies in the relationship between frictional resistance and velocity.
- In summary:
- Laminar Flow: Frictional Resistance ∝ Velocity
- Turbulent Flow: Frictional Resistance ∝ Velocity²
This distinction is crucial in civil engineering applications, where understanding fluid dynamics influences design considerations for pipelines, channels, and various hydraulic systems. Option 'A' correctly identifies these relationships, emphasizing the fundamental principles of fluid mechanics.
Fluid flow behavior can be characterized by two distinct regimes: laminar flow and turbulent flow. Each regime exhibits different relationships between frictional resistance and velocity.
Laminar Flow
- In laminar flow, fluid particles move in parallel layers with minimal mixing.
- The frictional resistance is directly proportional to the velocity.
- This means that as the velocity increases, the resistance increases linearly.
- Mathematically, this can be expressed as: Frictional Resistance ∝ Velocity.
Turbulent Flow
- In turbulent flow, the fluid particles move chaotically, creating eddies and vortices.
- The frictional resistance becomes proportional to the square of the velocity.
- This indicates that a small increase in velocity results in a significantly larger increase in resistance.
- Mathematically, this can be expressed as: Frictional Resistance ∝ Velocity².
Conclusion
- The key difference between the two flow types lies in the relationship between frictional resistance and velocity.
- In summary:
- Laminar Flow: Frictional Resistance ∝ Velocity
- Turbulent Flow: Frictional Resistance ∝ Velocity²
This distinction is crucial in civil engineering applications, where understanding fluid dynamics influences design considerations for pipelines, channels, and various hydraulic systems. Option 'A' correctly identifies these relationships, emphasizing the fundamental principles of fluid mechanics.
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The frictional resistance for fluids in motion isa)proportional to the velocity in laminar flow and to the square of the velocity in turbulent flowb)proportional to the square of the velocity in laminar flow and to the velocity in turbulent flowc)proportional to the velocity in both laminar flow and turbulent flowd)proportional to the square of the velocity in both laminar flow and turbulent flowCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
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