A solution prepared by mixing 100.0 ml of 0.400M HCl with 100.0ml of 0...
Introduction:
In this problem, we have two solutions: 0.400 M HCl (hydrochloric acid) and 0.400 M NH3 (ammonia). We will mix these solutions together and determine the pH of the resulting solution.
Given:
- Volume of HCl solution = 100.0 ml
- Volume of NH3 solution = 100.0 ml
- Concentration of HCl solution = 0.400 M
- Concentration of NH3 solution = 0.400 M
Step 1: Calculate moles of HCl and NH3:
To find the moles of HCl and NH3, we will use the formula:
Moles = Concentration * Volume (in liters)
Moles of HCl = 0.400 M * (100.0 ml / 1000 ml/L) = 0.0400 moles
Moles of NH3 = 0.400 M * (100.0 ml / 1000 ml/L) = 0.0400 moles
Step 2: Determine the limiting reactant:
Since the moles of HCl and NH3 are equal, neither is in excess, and both will react completely with each other.
Step 3: Write the balanced chemical equation:
HCl + NH3 → NH4Cl
Step 4: Determine the moles of the product:
Since HCl and NH3 react in a 1:1 ratio, the moles of the product (NH4Cl) will also be 0.0400 moles.
Step 5: Calculate the concentration of the resulting solution:
The total volume of the resulting solution is the sum of the volumes of the two solutions: 100.0 ml + 100.0 ml = 200.0 ml = 0.200 L
The concentration of the resulting solution can be calculated as:
Concentration = Moles / Volume
Concentration of the resulting solution = 0.0400 moles / 0.200 L = 0.200 M
Step 6: Calculate the pOH:
To determine the pOH, we need to find the concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-) in the resulting solution. Since NH4Cl is a salt, it will dissociate into NH4+ and Cl- ions. NH4+ is the conjugate acid of NH3 and will react with water to produce NH3 and H3O+ ions.
NH4+ + H2O → NH3 + H3O+
Since HCl is a strong acid, it will dissociate completely into H+ and Cl- ions.
HCl → H+ + Cl-
Therefore, the concentration of H3O+ ions in the resulting solution will be equal to the concentration of HCl, which is 0.200 M.
Since water is neutral, the concentration of OH- ions can be determined using the equation:
[OH-] * [H3O+] = 1.0 x 10^-14
[OH-] = 1.0 x 10^-14 / [H3O+]
[OH-] = 1.0 x 10^-14 / 0.200
Step 7: Calculate
A solution prepared by mixing 100.0 ml of 0.400M HCl with 100.0ml of 0...
Neutral solution