Gypsum is typically added in cement to a)enhance hardness b)increase w...
Gypsum is typically added in cement to prevent quick setting.Explanation:
Gypsum is a mineral composed of calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO4·2H2O). It is commonly added to cement during the grinding process to control the setting time of the cement.
1. Setting of Cement:
Setting of cement refers to the process of changing from a plastic state to a solid state. During this process, the cement paste gradually hardens and gains strength. The setting time of cement is influenced by various factors.
2. Quick Setting:
Quick setting refers to the rapid hardening and setting of cement, which occurs within a short period of time. This can be undesirable in many construction applications as it reduces the workability and handling time of the cement.
3. Role of Gypsum:
Gypsum is added to cement as a retarder, which slows down the setting time of the cement. It reacts with the tricalcium aluminate (C3A) present in cement to form calcium sulfoaluminate hydrate, which has a slower rate of reaction compared to the hydration of C3A alone.
- Retarding Effect: Gypsum acts as a retarding agent, delaying the hydration of C3A and preventing quick setting of cement.
- Extended Workability: By retarding the setting time, gypsum provides extended workability to the cement. This allows sufficient time for mixing, placing, and finishing operations.
- Improved Strength Development: The slower hydration of C3A due to the presence of gypsum allows for improved strength development over time.
4. Heat of Hydration:
Although not the primary purpose of adding gypsum, it also has a slight effect on reducing the heat of hydration of cement. Heat of hydration refers to the heat released during the chemical reaction between cement and water. Gypsum can help in reducing the peak temperature rise during hydration.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, gypsum is added to cement to prevent quick setting and provide extended workability. It acts as a retarding agent and improves the strength development of cement over time. Although not the main purpose, it also helps in reducing the heat of hydration.