Dalits, also known as Scheduled Castes, are a group of people in India who were historically considered as untouchables and subjected to social and economic discrimination. They belong to the lowest rungs of the Hindu caste system and have faced oppression and discrimination for centuries.

Historical Background
The caste system in India is a social hierarchy that divides people into different castes based on their birth. The Dalits, who were once considered as untouchables, were excluded from mainstream society and were forced to live in separate, marginalized communities. They were denied access to education, healthcare, and employment opportunities, and were subjected to various forms of violence and discrimination.

Legal Protection
In 1950, the Indian government enacted the Constitution (Scheduled Castes) Order, which recognized Dalits as a separate category of people who are entitled to special protection and benefits. This order was later amended to include Scheduled Tribes, another marginalized community in India. The government also introduced several affirmative action policies, such as reservation of seats in educational institutions and government jobs, to improve the social and economic conditions of Dalits.

Current Situation
Despite legal protections and affirmative action policies, Dalits continue to face discrimination and violence in India. They often face discrimination in education, employment, and housing. Caste-based violence against Dalits is still prevalent in many parts of India, and there have been several instances of atrocities committed against them.

Conclusion
In conclusion, the Dalits are a historically marginalized community in India who have faced discrimination and oppression for centuries. Although the Indian government has introduced several legal protections and affirmative action policies, Dalits continue to face discrimination and violence in many parts of India. It is important to continue working towards creating a more equal and just society for all.