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Give an account of India's contact with the outside world in ancient and medieval times?
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Give an account of India's contact with the outside world in ancient a...
India's Contact with the Outside World in Ancient and Medieval Times



  • Introduction: India has a long history of contact with the outside world. The country's strategic location at the crossroads of Asia and the Middle East made it a hub of trade and commerce.

  • Ancient Times: In ancient times, India had contact with the civilizations of Mesopotamia, Egypt, Greece, and Rome. The Indus Valley Civilization had trade links with Sumer and Akkad. The Mauryan Empire, under Ashoka, had diplomatic relations with the Hellenic world.

  • Medieval Times: In medieval times, India had contact with the Islamic world, China, and Europe. The Delhi Sultanate had diplomatic relations with the Abbasid Caliphate and the Mongol Empire. The Mughal Empire had trade links with the Ottoman Empire and European powers like Portugal, the Netherlands, and Britain.

  • Trade and Commerce: India's contact with the outside world was primarily through trade and commerce. The country exported spices, textiles, and precious stones, and imported gold, silver, and horses. The Silk Road was a major trade route that linked India with China, Central Asia, and the Mediterranean.

  • Cultural Exchange: India's contact with the outside world also led to a cultural exchange. The spread of Buddhism to China and Southeast Asia, the influence of Greek art on the Mauryan Empire, and the impact of Islamic architecture on Indian monuments are some examples of this exchange.

  • Conclusion: India's contact with the outside world has been a significant factor in shaping its history and culture. The country's openness to foreign influences has enriched its diversity and contributed to its resilience.

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