A stupa is a Buddhist structure that is primarily used for meditation and worship. It is a mound-like structure that contains relics or remains of Buddha or other significant Buddhist figures. The stupa is an essential element of Buddhist architecture and symbolism, and it has numerous features that make it unique and distinct.




The most prominent feature of a stupa is its hemispherical structure. It is shaped like a dome and represents the universe. The dome symbolizes the sky, and the base represents the earth. The stupa's shape is a reflection of Buddhist cosmology, which states that the universe is divided into three parts: the heavens above, the earth below, and the underworld.


The harmika is a square structure that sits on top of the stupa's dome. It represents the Buddha's eyes and symbolizes his wisdom and compassion. The harmika is often adorned with a parasol, which represents protection and shelter.


The stupa has four gateways or entrances, one on each side of the structure. These gateways are known as toranas and are decorated with elaborate carvings and sculptures. The toranas represent the four cardinal directions and symbolize the spread of Buddhism to all parts of the world.


The stupa's base contains a small chamber that houses relics or remains of the Buddha or other significant Buddhist figures. The chamber is often sealed with a stone or metal door and is accessible only to authorized personnel.


The stupa has a circumambulation path that encircles the structure. Buddhist devotees walk around the stupa in a clockwise direction, reciting mantras and prayers. The path symbolizes the journey to enlightenment and the attainment of inner peace.


The stupa's base is often decorated with a lotus petal design, which represents purity, enlightenment, and spiritual awakening. The lotus is a sacred flower in Buddhism and is often used as a symbol of the Buddha's teachings.


The stupa is an essential element of Buddhist architecture and symbolism. Its unique features and design make it a significant structure for meditation, worship, and spiritual awakening. The stupa's hemispherical structure, harmika, four gateways, relics chamber, circumambulation path, and lotus petal design all have significant meanings and symbolism in Buddhist philosophy.

There is a small box placed in heart of stupa it contains bodily remains of Buddha and his followers or things they used.