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Consider the following code snippet:
def factorial(n):
if n == 0:
return 1
else:
return n * factorial(n-1)
def factorial(n):
if n == 0:
return 1
else:
return n * factorial(n-1)
print(factorial(5))
What will be the output of the above code?
What will be the output of the above code?
- a)1
- b)5
- c)10
- d)120
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
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Most Upvoted Answer
Consider the following code snippet:def factorial(n): if n == 0: r...
Understanding the Factorial Function
The provided code snippet is a recursive function that calculates the factorial of a given number `n`. The factorial of a non-negative integer `n` is defined as the product of all positive integers less than or equal to `n`.
How the Code Works
- The function `factorial(n)` checks if `n` is 0.
- If `n` is 0, it returns 1, since the factorial of 0 is defined to be 1.
- If `n` is greater than 0, the function returns `n` multiplied by the factorial of `n-1`.
Step-by-Step Execution for factorial(5)
1. `factorial(5)` calls `5 * factorial(4)`
2. `factorial(4)` calls `4 * factorial(3)`
3. `factorial(3)` calls `3 * factorial(2)`
4. `factorial(2)` calls `2 * factorial(1)`
5. `factorial(1)` calls `1 * factorial(0)`
6. `factorial(0)` returns `1`
Now, we can compute the values step by step:
- `factorial(1)` = 1 * 1 = 1
- `factorial(2)` = 2 * 1 = 2
- `factorial(3)` = 3 * 2 = 6
- `factorial(4)` = 4 * 6 = 24
- `factorial(5)` = 5 * 24 = 120
Final Output
The final output of `print(factorial(5))` is therefore 120, which corresponds to option 'D'.
Conclusion
Understanding the recursive nature of the function is key to recognizing how it calculates the factorial. Each function call builds upon the previous one until it reaches the base case, resulting in the final product.
The provided code snippet is a recursive function that calculates the factorial of a given number `n`. The factorial of a non-negative integer `n` is defined as the product of all positive integers less than or equal to `n`.
How the Code Works
- The function `factorial(n)` checks if `n` is 0.
- If `n` is 0, it returns 1, since the factorial of 0 is defined to be 1.
- If `n` is greater than 0, the function returns `n` multiplied by the factorial of `n-1`.
Step-by-Step Execution for factorial(5)
1. `factorial(5)` calls `5 * factorial(4)`
2. `factorial(4)` calls `4 * factorial(3)`
3. `factorial(3)` calls `3 * factorial(2)`
4. `factorial(2)` calls `2 * factorial(1)`
5. `factorial(1)` calls `1 * factorial(0)`
6. `factorial(0)` returns `1`
Now, we can compute the values step by step:
- `factorial(1)` = 1 * 1 = 1
- `factorial(2)` = 2 * 1 = 2
- `factorial(3)` = 3 * 2 = 6
- `factorial(4)` = 4 * 6 = 24
- `factorial(5)` = 5 * 24 = 120
Final Output
The final output of `print(factorial(5))` is therefore 120, which corresponds to option 'D'.
Conclusion
Understanding the recursive nature of the function is key to recognizing how it calculates the factorial. Each function call builds upon the previous one until it reaches the base case, resulting in the final product.
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Community Answer
Consider the following code snippet:def factorial(n): if n == 0: r...
The code recursively calculates the factorial of a number. The factorial of 5 is 5 * 4 * 3 * 2 * 1 = 120.
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