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An electric dipole has the magnitude of its charge as q, and its dipole moment is p. It is placed in a uniform electric field E. If its dipole moment is along the direction of the field, then force acting on it and its potential energy are respectively
- a)q.E and p.E
- b)q.E and maximum
- c)2q.E and minimum
- d)zero and minimum
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
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An electric dipole has the magnitude of its charge as q, and its dipol...
Explanation:
Electric Dipole:
An electric dipole is a pair of equal and opposite charges separated by a small distance. The magnitude of the charge is represented by q, and the dipole moment is represented by p.
Uniform Electric Field:
A uniform electric field is a region in which the electric field strength is constant. It has both magnitude and direction.
Force on Electric Dipole:
The force experienced by an electric dipole in a uniform electric field is given by the formula:
F = pE
where F is the force, p is the dipole moment, and E is the electric field strength.
Dipole Moment along the Direction of the Field:
When the dipole moment is along the direction of the electric field, the angle between the dipole moment and the electric field is 0 degrees. In this case, the force on the electric dipole is zero.
Potential Energy of an Electric Dipole:
The potential energy of an electric dipole in a uniform electric field is given by the formula:
U = -pEcosθ
where U is the potential energy, p is the dipole moment, E is the electric field strength, and θ is the angle between the dipole moment and the electric field.
When the dipole moment is along the direction of the electric field, the angle between the dipole moment and the electric field is 0 degrees. In this case, the potential energy of the electric dipole is minimum and becomes:
U = -pEcos(0) = -pE
Therefore, the correct answer is option 'D' - zero (force) and minimum (potential energy).
Electric Dipole:
An electric dipole is a pair of equal and opposite charges separated by a small distance. The magnitude of the charge is represented by q, and the dipole moment is represented by p.
Uniform Electric Field:
A uniform electric field is a region in which the electric field strength is constant. It has both magnitude and direction.
Force on Electric Dipole:
The force experienced by an electric dipole in a uniform electric field is given by the formula:
F = pE
where F is the force, p is the dipole moment, and E is the electric field strength.
Dipole Moment along the Direction of the Field:
When the dipole moment is along the direction of the electric field, the angle between the dipole moment and the electric field is 0 degrees. In this case, the force on the electric dipole is zero.
Potential Energy of an Electric Dipole:
The potential energy of an electric dipole in a uniform electric field is given by the formula:
U = -pEcosθ
where U is the potential energy, p is the dipole moment, E is the electric field strength, and θ is the angle between the dipole moment and the electric field.
When the dipole moment is along the direction of the electric field, the angle between the dipole moment and the electric field is 0 degrees. In this case, the potential energy of the electric dipole is minimum and becomes:
U = -pEcos(0) = -pE
Therefore, the correct answer is option 'D' - zero (force) and minimum (potential energy).
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An electric dipole has the magnitude of its charge as q, and its dipole moment is p. It is placed in a uniform electric field E. If its dipole moment is along the direction of the field, then force acting on it and its potential energy are respectivelya)q.E and p.Eb)q.E and maximumc)2q.E and minimumd)zero and minimumCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
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