The correct answer is option 'D', which refers to Rensis Likert. Rensis Likert developed a four-system model of management, which is closely related to leadership styles. Let's discuss each of these systems in detail:

1. Exploitative-Authoritative System:
This system is characterized by a top-down approach where leaders make all the decisions and expect strict obedience from their subordinates. The communication is mostly one-way, and there is a lack of trust and collaboration among team members. The leaders in this system believe that employees are inherently lazy and need to be closely monitored and controlled to ensure productivity.

2. Benevolent-Authoritative System:
In this system, leaders are still authoritative but have a more benevolent approach towards their subordinates. They provide rewards and incentives to motivate employees and maintain a positive work environment. Communication is still mainly one-way, but there is some level of trust and support for employees. However, decision-making power remains centralized, and employees have limited autonomy.

3. Consultative System:
The consultative system encourages more participation and involvement of employees in decision-making processes. Leaders seek input and opinions from their subordinates before making decisions. Communication becomes two-way, and there is a higher level of trust and collaboration within the team. Leaders believe that employees have valuable insights and can contribute to the decision-making process.

4. Participative System:
The participative system is characterized by a high level of employee involvement in decision-making. Leaders actively involve employees in setting goals, making decisions, and problem-solving. Communication is open and transparent, and leaders trust their subordinates to take ownership and responsibility for their work. This system promotes teamwork, creativity, and innovation.

Rensis Likert's four-system model emphasizes the importance of leadership styles in shaping organizational culture and employee attitudes. It highlights the shift from autocratic and authoritarian leadership towards more participative and collaborative approaches. Effective leaders understand the value of employee input, empowerment, and engagement in achieving organizational goals. By adopting a suitable leadership style, leaders can create a positive work environment, foster employee motivation and satisfaction, and drive organizational success.