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What were the social,economic and political condition in russia before 1905?
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What were the social,economic and political condition in russia before...
Social conditions in Russia before 1905:
1. In the 19th Century most of the European countries underwent important social and economic changes but Russia was still lagging behind. The czars ruled as absolute Monarchs and the aristocracy was strictly feudal.
2. The condition of the Russian pigeons were deplorable. On the other hand the nobility and the High clergymen enjoyed special privileges and rights. agriculture was dominated by a few rich landlords.
3. Although serfdom was abolished in Russian 1861, the situation did not change. The methods and tools of farming did not improve. The farmer had to pay very high dues for small pieces of land and most of them were under heavy debts.
Economic conditions in Russia before 1905:
1. In the 1890 industrialisation in Russia began and developed at a fairly fast rate. The foreign capitalists invested large sums of money in different industries to amass huge profits. The foreign investors were more interested in earning profits then improving the condition of the workers.
2. Even the Russian industrialists exploited the workers and paid them extremely low wages. The workers had no political rights. The conditions of the workers in Russia were very miserable they were forced to lead a wretched life . Hence the worker were extremely unhappy and dissatisfied with the prevalent and conditions.
Political condition in Russia before 1905:
1. Russia was under the autocratic rule of Romanov czars who believe in the theory of divine right of the kings.czar Nicholas II was crowned in 1894. He was an inefficient and the conservative ruler. He was believed to be guided and influence by mystic Rasputin.
2. The condition of the workers and peasants were deplorable. Famines were very common throughout the whole country. Many people in Russia were influenced by the developments in western Europe and consequently they demanded constitutional democracy . however their demands were turned down.
3. In 1904 there was a war between Russia and Japan. Russia suffered humiliating defeat at the hands of a small Asian country like Japan. This defeat of the Russian has displeased and angered the people.
4. Revolution broke out in January 1901 after which the czar announced his manifesto in October in the same year. He Granted the freedom of speech, press and movement . He conferred the legislative powers to an elected body called Duma but in no time he re-established his own authority.
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What were the social,economic and political condition in russia before...
Social, Economic, and Political Conditions in Russia before 1905

Social Conditions:
- Class Structure: Russian society was divided into a rigid class structure. The nobility, comprising less than 1% of the population, held immense wealth and privileges, while the majority of the population consisted of peasants and urban workers who faced significant poverty and oppression.
- Peasantry: Peasants constituted the largest social group and were bound to the land as serfs until their emancipation in 1861. However, they still faced numerous restrictions and heavy taxation, which contributed to their impoverished conditions.
- Industrial Working Class: The rapid industrialization in Russia led to the emergence of a working class concentrated in urban areas. These workers endured harsh working conditions, long hours, low wages, and lacked basic labor rights.
- Education and Censorship: Education was limited to the upper classes, while the majority of the population remained illiterate. Censorship was prevalent, restricting freedom of speech and limiting access to information.

Economic Conditions:
- Agriculture: Agriculture was the primary economic sector, with the majority of the population engaged in farming. However, outdated farming techniques and a lack of modernization hindered productivity.
- Industrialization: Russia experienced rapid industrial growth in the late 19th century, particularly in sectors such as textiles, mining, and railroads. However, industrialization was largely concentrated in urban areas, leading to stark economic disparities between rural and urban regions.
- Foreign Investment: The Russian government actively sought foreign investment to support industrialization, leading to the establishment of foreign-owned industries. This further widened the wealth gap between wealthy foreign capitalists and the impoverished Russian workers.

Political Conditions:
- Autocracy: Russia was an autocratic state under the rule of Tsar Nicholas II. The tsar held absolute power, with no elected legislative body and minimal political representation for the general population.
- Oppressive Rule: The government employed a secret police force, the Okhrana, to suppress dissent and maintain control. Political opponents, revolutionaries, and critics of the regime were often subjected to persecution, imprisonment, or exile.
- Limited Reforms: Despite growing social and economic tensions, the government implemented limited reforms, such as the creation of zemstvos (local elected councils) and the introduction of limited industrial labor legislation. However, these reforms were insufficient to address the deep-rooted problems within Russian society.

Conclusion:
The social, economic, and political conditions in Russia before 1905 were characterized by a rigid class structure, widespread poverty and oppression, limited political representation, and a growing discontent among the population. These factors laid the groundwork for the revolutionary events that unfolded in 1905 and ultimately culminated in the Russian Revolution of 1917.
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