Germination Process and Seed Parts

Germination is the process by which a seed begins to grow into a new plant. It involves the activation of the dormant seed and the emergence of the embryonic plant parts. Let's understand the different parts of a seed and which part grows first during germination.

Parts of a Seed:
1. Seed Coat: The outer protective covering of the seed.
2. Embryo: The young plant that is enclosed within the seed.
- Radicle: The embryonic root of the plant.
- Plumule: The embryonic shoot of the plant.
3. Endosperm: The nutrient-rich tissue that surrounds the embryo.

The Germination Process:
1. Absorption of Water: When a seed comes in contact with water, it absorbs it through the seed coat. This triggers various biochemical changes within the seed, leading to its activation.
2. Activation of Enzymes: The absorbed water activates enzymes within the seed, which in turn initiates metabolic processes necessary for germination.
3. Growth of Radicle: The first visible sign of germination is the emergence of the radicle. The radicle grows downwards into the soil and anchors the developing plant.
4. Emergence of Plumule: As the radicle continues to grow, the plumule emerges from the seed. The plumule grows upwards towards the light and eventually develops into the stem and leaves of the plant.
5. Development of Stem and Leaves: Once the plumule emerges, it grows rapidly, giving rise to the stem and leaves of the plant. The stem provides support to the plant and carries water and nutrients between the roots and leaves.

Reason for Radicle Growing First:
The radicle grows first during germination because its primary function is to establish the root system of the plant. Roots play a crucial role in anchoring the plant, absorbing water and nutrients from the soil, and providing support for the growing plant. By growing the radicle first, the seed ensures that the plant can establish a strong foundation in the soil before focusing on shoot development.

In conclusion, during germination, the radicle grows first from the seed, followed by the emergence of the plumule and the development of the stem and leaves. This sequential growth pattern ensures the successful establishment and growth of the new plant.

The correct answer is Jowar because it is grown in summer. The Jowar is in that way called a kharif crop.