Divided chamber diesel engines use lower injection pressure compared t...
Introduction:
Divided chamber diesel engines are a type of combustion system where the combustion chamber is divided into two parts: a main chamber and a smaller pre-chamber. These engines are designed to improve fuel efficiency and reduce emissions. In divided chamber engines, the injection pressure is lower compared to open chamber engines for several reasons.
Explanation:
1. High air swirl:
One of the main reasons for lower injection pressure in divided chamber engines is the presence of high air swirl. The pre-chamber in these engines is designed to create a high swirl of air during the intake stroke. This high swirl helps in better atomization of fuel and air mixture, improving the combustion process. As a result, lower injection pressure is required to achieve the desired level of atomization.
2. Atomization:
Atomization is the process of breaking down the fuel into small droplets to enhance its mixing with air. In divided chamber engines, the high air swirl already provides a good level of fuel and air mixing. Therefore, lower injection pressure is sufficient to achieve the required atomization. Higher injection pressure may cause excessive atomization, leading to overpenetration and inefficient combustion.
3. Overpenetration:
Overpenetration refers to the excessive penetration of fuel into the combustion chamber. When the injection pressure is too high, the fuel may penetrate deeply into the combustion chamber, leading to poor mixing with air and incomplete combustion. This can result in increased emissions and decreased fuel efficiency. Therefore, lower injection pressure is preferred in divided chamber engines to avoid overpenetration.
4. Pintle nozzles:
Pintle nozzles are commonly used in divided chamber engines. These nozzles have a small opening through which fuel is injected into the combustion chamber. While pintle nozzles are capable of withstanding high injection pressures, it is not necessary to use high pressures in divided chamber engines. The lower injection pressure helps in achieving better control over fuel delivery and optimizing the combustion process.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, divided chamber diesel engines use lower injection pressure compared to open chamber engines due to the presence of high air swirl, which provides better atomization of fuel and air mixture. Lower injection pressure helps in avoiding overpenetration and allows for better control over fuel delivery. While pintle nozzles can withstand high injection pressures, it is not necessary to use high pressures in divided chamber engines.
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