Explanation:
Sertoli cells are a type of supporting cells found in the seminiferous tubules of the testis in mammals. These cells play a crucial role in the development and maturation of sperm cells. Here are some key points to explain why Sertoli cells are found in the testis of mammals:
- Sertoli cells provide structural support to the developing germ cells (spermatocytes and spermatids) within the seminiferous tubules.
- They form tight junctions with neighboring Sertoli cells, creating a blood-testis barrier that separates the developing germ cells from the blood circulation.
- Sertoli cells secrete various factors and hormones that are essential for spermatogenesis, the process of sperm production.
- They also regulate the microenvironment within the seminiferous tubules, maintaining optimal conditions for sperm development.
- Sertoli cells are involved in the phagocytosis of residual bodies, which are structures shed by developing sperm cells during maturation.
- They secrete androgen-binding protein (ABP), which helps in the concentration of testosterone within the seminiferous tubules.
- Sertoli cells also play a role in the release of mature spermatozoa into the lumen of the tubules.
Overall, Sertoli cells are an integral part of the testis in mammals and are vital for the process of spermatogenesis and the production of functional sperm cells.