Urban poor refers to individuals or families who live in urban areas and face various socio-economic challenges, such as low income, inadequate housing, lack of access to basic services, and limited job opportunities. They often struggle to meet their basic needs and are vulnerable to poverty and social exclusion.

In the given options, the category that does not come under the urban poor is the shopkeepers. Here's an explanation of why the other options are considered part of the urban poor:

a) The casual workers:
Casual workers are individuals who engage in temporary or irregular employment. They often work in low-paying jobs, such as daily wage laborers, construction workers, or domestic helpers. Due to the nature of their work, they do not have job security or a stable income. They may also lack access to social security benefits or proper working conditions. These factors make them vulnerable to poverty and categorize them as urban poor.

b) The unemployed:
Unemployment refers to the situation where individuals who are willing and able to work are unable to find suitable employment opportunities. Unemployment leads to a lack of income, which can result in financial difficulties and poverty. The unemployed individuals in urban areas face challenges in meeting their basic needs, such as food, shelter, and healthcare. Therefore, they fall under the category of urban poor.

d) Rickshaw pullers:
Rickshaw pullers are individuals who earn their livelihood by manually pulling rickshaws, a mode of transportation in some urban areas. They usually work long hours and earn meager wages. The income they generate is often not enough to meet their basic needs or provide for their families. They face harsh working conditions, lack of job security, and limited access to social welfare programs. Hence, rickshaw pullers are considered part of the urban poor.

c) The shopkeepers:
Shopkeepers, on the other hand, are individuals who own and run their own businesses. They have the opportunity to generate income and have more control over their financial situation compared to casual workers, the unemployed, or rickshaw pullers. Nevertheless, it is important to note that not all shopkeepers are well-off or affluent. Some small-scale shopkeepers may still face challenges and struggle to make ends meet. However, in the context of the given question, shopkeepers are not typically included in the category of urban poor due to their ownership of businesses and the potential for higher income compared to the other options.

Who do not come under the category of urban poor?
The category of urban poor generally includes individuals or households who have low incomes and live in urban areas. However, there are certain groups of people who may not fall under this category. These include:
A: The casual workers
- Casual workers are individuals who work on a temporary or irregular basis, often in low-paying jobs. They may have unstable employment and fluctuating incomes, which can place them at risk of poverty.
- Casual workers may not have access to social security benefits or job security, making them vulnerable to poverty.
B: The unemployed
- Unemployed individuals are those who are actively seeking employment but are unable to find work.
- Unemployment often leads to financial instability and can place individuals at risk of poverty.
C: The shopkeepers
- Shopkeepers are individuals who own and operate their own retail businesses.
- While some shopkeepers may face financial challenges and struggle to make ends meet, they generally do not fall under the category of urban poor as they have a source of income and are self-employed.
D: Rickshaw pullers
- Rickshaw pullers are individuals who operate rickshaws, a form of manual transportation commonly found in urban areas.
- Many rickshaw pullers have low incomes and work long hours, but they may not necessarily be classified as urban poor if they have a stable source of income.
In conclusion, among the given options, the group that does not come under the category of urban poor is C: The shopkeepers.