Ashrama
Ashrama is a term derived from Sanskrit, which means "stage" or "phase" of life. It refers to the four stages of life that are followed by individuals in Hinduism. These stages are prescribed by the Brahmins, who are the highest caste in the Hindu social hierarchy. The system of ashrama is based on the belief that every individual has specific duties and responsibilities to fulfill at different stages of their life.

1. Brahmacharya
The first stage of ashrama is known as Brahmacharya, which is the student stage. During this phase, individuals focus on acquiring knowledge, education, and skills. They live with their teacher or guru and follow strict rules and regulations. The main aim of this stage is to develop discipline, self-control, and spiritual growth.

2. Grihastha
The second stage is Grihastha, which is the householder stage. In this phase, individuals get married, establish a family, and pursue their career or profession. They take on responsibilities of raising a family, earning a living, and contributing to society. This stage is considered to be the most productive and fulfilling in terms of worldly duties and responsibilities.

3. Vanaprastha
The third stage is Vanaprastha, which is the stage of retirement. During this phase, individuals gradually detach themselves from worldly possessions and responsibilities. They start focusing on spiritual practices, self-reflection, and preparing for the final stage of life. They may choose to live in solitude, engage in religious activities, or mentor the younger generation.

4. Sannyasa
The final stage is Sannyasa, which is the stage of renunciation. In this phase, individuals completely detach themselves from worldly life and dedicate themselves solely to spiritual pursuits. They renounce all material possessions, live a simple and ascetic life, and seek enlightenment and union with the divine. Sannyasa is considered the highest stage of ashrama, where individuals strive for liberation from the cycle of birth and death.

The system of ashrama helps individuals lead a balanced and purposeful life, fulfilling their duties and responsibilities at different stages. It provides a framework for personal growth, spiritual development, and societal harmony. By following the ashrama system, individuals can progress through the stages of life with clarity, discipline, and a sense of purpose.