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In a database, a rule is defined as (P1 and P2) or P3? R1 (0.8) and R2 (0.3), where P1, P2, P3 are premises and R1. R2 are conclusions of rules with certainty factors (CF) 0.8 and 0.3 respectively. If any running program has produced P1, P2, P3 with CF as 0.5, 0.8. 0.2 respectively, find the CF of results on the basis of premises.
- a)CF (R1 = 0.8), CF (R2 = 0.3)
- b)CF (R1 = 0.40), CF (R2 = 0.15)
- c)CF (R1 = 0.15), CF (R2 = 0.35)
- d)CF (R1 = 0.8), CF (R2 = 0.35)
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Verified Answer
In a database, a rule is defined as (P1 and P2) or P3? R1 (0.8) and R2...
Certainty Factor (CF) is a numeric value that tells us how likely an event or a statement is supposed to be true.
This value is similar to probability, but with only probability value of any event agent cannot decide what to do. This certainty factor is decided through which the agent can decide whether to declare the statement true or false based on the probability and other knowledge that the agent has.
Dynamic Certainty for a Conclusion :
CF(C) = CF(H) x CF(R) , C is the conclusion
CF(H) = calculated Certainty Factor for Hypothesis.
R = given rule , "if H then C with certainty CF(R)"
Conjunction and Disjunction of Hypotheses:
CF (P1 and P2) = MIN { CF(P1) , CF(P2) }
CF (P1 or P2) = MAX { CF(P1) , CF(P2) }
CF (P1 or P2) = MAX { CF(P1) , CF(P2) }
Here, P1 , P2 are premises.
Given Rule is (P1 and P2) or P3
R1 and R2 are conclusions of rules.
CF(R1)= 0.8
CF(R2)=0.3
CF(P1)=0.5 , CF(P2)=0.8 , CF(P3)=0.2
Where P1,P2,P3 are premises.
Now the CF of given rule ((P1 and P2) or P3)= MAX { MIN{CF(P1),CF(P2)} , CF(P3) }
= MAX { MIN { 0.5,0.8} ,0.2}
=MAX { 0.5 , 0.2 }
= 0.5
Now, CF of R1 based on premises = 0.5 × CF(R1) =0.5 × 0.8 =0.40
Now, CF of R2 based on premises = 0.5 × CF(R2) =0.5 × 0.3 =0.15
Most Upvoted Answer
In a database, a rule is defined as (P1 and P2) or P3? R1 (0.8) and R2...
Understanding the Rule
The rule defined is (P1 and P2) or P3, with conclusions R1 and R2 having certainty factors (CF) of 0.8 and 0.3 respectively. We need to evaluate the CF based on the CFs of the premises P1, P2, and P3.
Premises and Their Certainty Factors
- CF(P1) = 0.5
- CF(P2) = 0.8
- CF(P3) = 0.2
Evaluating (P1 and P2)
To find the CF for (P1 and P2), we use the formula:
CF(P1 and P2) = min(CF(P1), CF(P2))
- CF(P1 and P2) = min(0.5, 0.8) = 0.5
Evaluating (P1 and P2) or P3
Next, we evaluate the CF for (P1 and P2) or P3 using the formula:
CF(A or B) = CF(A) + CF(B) * (1 - CF(A))
- Here, A = (P1 and P2) and B = P3
- CF((P1 and P2) or P3) = CF(P1 and P2) + CF(P3) * (1 - CF(P1 and P2))
- CF((P1 and P2) or P3) = 0.5 + 0.2 * (1 - 0.5) = 0.5 + 0.2 * 0.5 = 0.5 + 0.1 = 0.6
Calculating Certainty Factors for R1 and R2
Now we combine these results with the CF of R1 and R2:
- CF(R1) = CF((P1 and P2) or P3) * CF(R1) = 0.6 * 0.8 = 0.48
- CF(R2) = CF((P1 and P2) or P3) * CF(R2) = 0.6 * 0.3 = 0.18
Since the closest match in the options is:
Option B: CF (R1 = 0.40), CF (R2 = 0.15
Thus, the answer is confirmed as option B.
The rule defined is (P1 and P2) or P3, with conclusions R1 and R2 having certainty factors (CF) of 0.8 and 0.3 respectively. We need to evaluate the CF based on the CFs of the premises P1, P2, and P3.
Premises and Their Certainty Factors
- CF(P1) = 0.5
- CF(P2) = 0.8
- CF(P3) = 0.2
Evaluating (P1 and P2)
To find the CF for (P1 and P2), we use the formula:
CF(P1 and P2) = min(CF(P1), CF(P2))
- CF(P1 and P2) = min(0.5, 0.8) = 0.5
Evaluating (P1 and P2) or P3
Next, we evaluate the CF for (P1 and P2) or P3 using the formula:
CF(A or B) = CF(A) + CF(B) * (1 - CF(A))
- Here, A = (P1 and P2) and B = P3
- CF((P1 and P2) or P3) = CF(P1 and P2) + CF(P3) * (1 - CF(P1 and P2))
- CF((P1 and P2) or P3) = 0.5 + 0.2 * (1 - 0.5) = 0.5 + 0.2 * 0.5 = 0.5 + 0.1 = 0.6
Calculating Certainty Factors for R1 and R2
Now we combine these results with the CF of R1 and R2:
- CF(R1) = CF((P1 and P2) or P3) * CF(R1) = 0.6 * 0.8 = 0.48
- CF(R2) = CF((P1 and P2) or P3) * CF(R2) = 0.6 * 0.3 = 0.18
Since the closest match in the options is:
Option B: CF (R1 = 0.40), CF (R2 = 0.15
Thus, the answer is confirmed as option B.
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In a database, a rule is defined as (P1 and P2) or P3? R1 (0.8) and R2 (0.3), where P1, P2, P3 are premises and R1. R2 are conclusions of rules with certainty factors (CF) 0.8 and 0.3 respectively. If any running program has produced P1, P2, P3 with CF as 0.5, 0.8. 0.2 respectively, find the CF of results on the basis of premises.a)CF (R1 = 0.8), CF (R2 = 0.3)b)CF (R1 = 0.40), CF (R2 = 0.15)c)CF (R1 = 0.15), CF (R2 = 0.35)d)CF (R1 = 0.8), CF (R2 = 0.35)Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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In a database, a rule is defined as (P1 and P2) or P3? R1 (0.8) and R2 (0.3), where P1, P2, P3 are premises and R1. R2 are conclusions of rules with certainty factors (CF) 0.8 and 0.3 respectively. If any running program has produced P1, P2, P3 with CF as 0.5, 0.8. 0.2 respectively, find the CF of results on the basis of premises.a)CF (R1 = 0.8), CF (R2 = 0.3)b)CF (R1 = 0.40), CF (R2 = 0.15)c)CF (R1 = 0.15), CF (R2 = 0.35)d)CF (R1 = 0.8), CF (R2 = 0.35)Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer? for Computer Science Engineering (CSE) 2025 is part of Computer Science Engineering (CSE) preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the Computer Science Engineering (CSE) exam syllabus. Information about In a database, a rule is defined as (P1 and P2) or P3? R1 (0.8) and R2 (0.3), where P1, P2, P3 are premises and R1. R2 are conclusions of rules with certainty factors (CF) 0.8 and 0.3 respectively. If any running program has produced P1, P2, P3 with CF as 0.5, 0.8. 0.2 respectively, find the CF of results on the basis of premises.a)CF (R1 = 0.8), CF (R2 = 0.3)b)CF (R1 = 0.40), CF (R2 = 0.15)c)CF (R1 = 0.15), CF (R2 = 0.35)d)CF (R1 = 0.8), CF (R2 = 0.35)Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for Computer Science Engineering (CSE) 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for In a database, a rule is defined as (P1 and P2) or P3? R1 (0.8) and R2 (0.3), where P1, P2, P3 are premises and R1. R2 are conclusions of rules with certainty factors (CF) 0.8 and 0.3 respectively. If any running program has produced P1, P2, P3 with CF as 0.5, 0.8. 0.2 respectively, find the CF of results on the basis of premises.a)CF (R1 = 0.8), CF (R2 = 0.3)b)CF (R1 = 0.40), CF (R2 = 0.15)c)CF (R1 = 0.15), CF (R2 = 0.35)d)CF (R1 = 0.8), CF (R2 = 0.35)Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?.
In a database, a rule is defined as (P1 and P2) or P3? R1 (0.8) and R2 (0.3), where P1, P2, P3 are premises and R1. R2 are conclusions of rules with certainty factors (CF) 0.8 and 0.3 respectively. If any running program has produced P1, P2, P3 with CF as 0.5, 0.8. 0.2 respectively, find the CF of results on the basis of premises.a)CF (R1 = 0.8), CF (R2 = 0.3)b)CF (R1 = 0.40), CF (R2 = 0.15)c)CF (R1 = 0.15), CF (R2 = 0.35)d)CF (R1 = 0.8), CF (R2 = 0.35)Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer? for Computer Science Engineering (CSE) 2025 is part of Computer Science Engineering (CSE) preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the Computer Science Engineering (CSE) exam syllabus. Information about In a database, a rule is defined as (P1 and P2) or P3? R1 (0.8) and R2 (0.3), where P1, P2, P3 are premises and R1. R2 are conclusions of rules with certainty factors (CF) 0.8 and 0.3 respectively. If any running program has produced P1, P2, P3 with CF as 0.5, 0.8. 0.2 respectively, find the CF of results on the basis of premises.a)CF (R1 = 0.8), CF (R2 = 0.3)b)CF (R1 = 0.40), CF (R2 = 0.15)c)CF (R1 = 0.15), CF (R2 = 0.35)d)CF (R1 = 0.8), CF (R2 = 0.35)Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for Computer Science Engineering (CSE) 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for In a database, a rule is defined as (P1 and P2) or P3? R1 (0.8) and R2 (0.3), where P1, P2, P3 are premises and R1. R2 are conclusions of rules with certainty factors (CF) 0.8 and 0.3 respectively. If any running program has produced P1, P2, P3 with CF as 0.5, 0.8. 0.2 respectively, find the CF of results on the basis of premises.a)CF (R1 = 0.8), CF (R2 = 0.3)b)CF (R1 = 0.40), CF (R2 = 0.15)c)CF (R1 = 0.15), CF (R2 = 0.35)d)CF (R1 = 0.8), CF (R2 = 0.35)Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?.
Solutions for In a database, a rule is defined as (P1 and P2) or P3? R1 (0.8) and R2 (0.3), where P1, P2, P3 are premises and R1. R2 are conclusions of rules with certainty factors (CF) 0.8 and 0.3 respectively. If any running program has produced P1, P2, P3 with CF as 0.5, 0.8. 0.2 respectively, find the CF of results on the basis of premises.a)CF (R1 = 0.8), CF (R2 = 0.3)b)CF (R1 = 0.40), CF (R2 = 0.15)c)CF (R1 = 0.15), CF (R2 = 0.35)d)CF (R1 = 0.8), CF (R2 = 0.35)Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer? in English & in Hindi are available as part of our courses for Computer Science Engineering (CSE).
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In a database, a rule is defined as (P1 and P2) or P3? R1 (0.8) and R2 (0.3), where P1, P2, P3 are premises and R1. R2 are conclusions of rules with certainty factors (CF) 0.8 and 0.3 respectively. If any running program has produced P1, P2, P3 with CF as 0.5, 0.8. 0.2 respectively, find the CF of results on the basis of premises.a)CF (R1 = 0.8), CF (R2 = 0.3)b)CF (R1 = 0.40), CF (R2 = 0.15)c)CF (R1 = 0.15), CF (R2 = 0.35)d)CF (R1 = 0.8), CF (R2 = 0.35)Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?, a detailed solution for In a database, a rule is defined as (P1 and P2) or P3? R1 (0.8) and R2 (0.3), where P1, P2, P3 are premises and R1. R2 are conclusions of rules with certainty factors (CF) 0.8 and 0.3 respectively. If any running program has produced P1, P2, P3 with CF as 0.5, 0.8. 0.2 respectively, find the CF of results on the basis of premises.a)CF (R1 = 0.8), CF (R2 = 0.3)b)CF (R1 = 0.40), CF (R2 = 0.15)c)CF (R1 = 0.15), CF (R2 = 0.35)d)CF (R1 = 0.8), CF (R2 = 0.35)Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer? has been provided alongside types of In a database, a rule is defined as (P1 and P2) or P3? R1 (0.8) and R2 (0.3), where P1, P2, P3 are premises and R1. R2 are conclusions of rules with certainty factors (CF) 0.8 and 0.3 respectively. If any running program has produced P1, P2, P3 with CF as 0.5, 0.8. 0.2 respectively, find the CF of results on the basis of premises.a)CF (R1 = 0.8), CF (R2 = 0.3)b)CF (R1 = 0.40), CF (R2 = 0.15)c)CF (R1 = 0.15), CF (R2 = 0.35)d)CF (R1 = 0.8), CF (R2 = 0.35)Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer? theory, EduRev gives you an
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