Answer:
The new right granted to the citizens of South Africa is the Right to an environment that is not harmful to their health or well-being. Here is a detailed explanation:
Right to an environment that is not harmful to their health or well-being:
- This right ensures that every citizen of South Africa has the right to live in a clean and healthy environment.
- It guarantees protection against environmental pollution and degradation that may harm their well-being or health.
- Citizens have the right to enjoy and benefit from the country's natural resources without any harm to themselves or future generations.
- This right emphasizes the importance of sustainable development and the responsibility of the government and society to protect and preserve the environment for the benefit of all.
Other rights mentioned in the options:
- Right to Equality: This right ensures that all individuals are equal before the law and prohibits discrimination based on race, religion, gender, etc. This right has been in existence for a long time and is not a new right in South Africa.
- Right to Freedom: This right includes various freedoms such as freedom of speech, expression, religion, etc. It is also not a new right in South Africa.
- Right against Exploitation: This right protects individuals from being exploited or subjected to forced labor, trafficking, or any form of slavery. It is not a new right in South Africa.
Therefore, the correct answer is Right to an environment that is not harmful to their health or well-being (Option D).

Right to an environment that is not harmful to their health or well-being

The correct answer is option 'D', which states that the new right granted to the citizens of South Africa is the right to an environment that is not harmful to their health or well-being. This right is an essential addition to the existing set of rights and is crucial for the overall well-being and quality of life of individuals.

Explanation:

1. Background:
South Africa has a history of social and environmental challenges. The apartheid era, which lasted until the early 1990s, resulted in significant disparities and inequalities among its citizens. These disparities affected various aspects of life, including access to basic resources and a healthy environment.

2. Constitutional Development:
After the end of apartheid, South Africa adopted a new constitution in 1996, which aimed to establish a democratic and inclusive society. This constitution included a comprehensive set of fundamental rights and freedoms for its citizens, ensuring equality, dignity, and protection under the law.

3. Right to an environment:
The right to an environment that is not harmful is one of the new rights granted to the citizens of South Africa. This right recognizes the importance of a clean, healthy, and sustainable environment for the well-being of individuals and communities.

4. Importance of the right:
This right acknowledges the link between environmental quality and human health. It ensures that every citizen has the right to live in an environment free from pollution, toxic substances, and other hazards that may endanger their health or well-being.

5. Protection and enforcement:
The inclusion of this right in the constitution empowers citizens to demand and seek legal protection against activities or practices that may harm the environment and their health. It also requires the government to take measures to prevent pollution, conserve natural resources, and promote sustainable development.

6. Achieving sustainable development goals:
The right to a clean and healthy environment aligns with the global agenda of achieving sustainable development goals. By recognizing and protecting this right, South Africa is taking a significant step towards ensuring environmental sustainability and the well-being of its citizens.

In conclusion, the right to an environment that is not harmful to their health or well-being is a new right granted to the citizens of South Africa. This right recognizes the importance of a clean and sustainable environment for the overall well-being and quality of life of individuals and communities. It empowers citizens to demand and seek legal protection against environmental harm and requires the government to take measures to prevent pollution and promote sustainable development.