Which of the following give a discharge that is relatively constant an...
Relatively Constant and Fixed Discharge: Modular Outlets
Modular outlets are designed to provide a discharge that is relatively constant and fixed within certain limits. Let's explore why modular outlets are the correct answer and why the other options are not.
Explanation:
1. Non-modular modules: Non-modular modules do not provide a discharge that is relatively constant and fixed within limits. These modules may have varying discharge rates depending on the specific design, configuration, and operating conditions. Therefore, non-modular modules are not the correct answer.
2. Semi-modules: Similarly, semi-modules do not provide a discharge that is relatively constant and fixed within limits. The discharge from semi-modules may vary depending on the specific design and operational factors. The term "semi-module" is not commonly used in engineering terminology, so it is unclear what exactly it refers to. Therefore, semi-modules are not the correct answer.
3. Modular outlets: Modular outlets are designed to provide a discharge that is relatively constant and fixed within certain limits. These outlets are often used in hydraulic structures, such as spillways, culverts, or channels, to regulate and control the flow of water. They consist of modular elements that can be adjusted or replaced to achieve the desired discharge characteristics. The modular design allows for flexibility and ease of maintenance. By adjusting the number and size of the modules, the discharge can be controlled within predetermined limits. This ensures a relatively constant and fixed discharge. Therefore, modular outlets are the correct answer.
In summary, modular outlets are the only option among the given choices that can provide a discharge that is relatively constant and fixed within certain limits. Non-modular modules and semi-modules do not offer this characteristic.
Which of the following give a discharge that is relatively constant an...
Concept:
Canal Outlets or Module:
A canal outlet is a small structure built at the head of the watercourse so as to connect it with a minor or a distributary channel. It is also called sluice.
Types of Canal Outlets:
Canal outlet can be classified mainly into three classes:
(i) Non-modular outlets:
- Non-modular outlets are those outlets whose discharge depends on the difference of water levels (i.e. head) between the distributary and the watercourse.
- Such an outlet is controlled by a shutter at its upstream end.
- Non-modular outlets are very suitable for low head conditions.
- The diameter of the pipe varies from 10 to 30 cm.
Example: Submerged pipe outlets and masonry sluices
(ii) Semi-modular outlets:
- Semi-modular outlets are those outlets whose discharge depends only on the water level in the distributary and is unaffected by the water level in the watercourse provided that a minimum working head required for working is available.
Example: Pipe outlet, Venturi flume
(iii) Modular outlets:
- Modular outlets are those whose discharge is independent of the difference of water levels in the distributary and the watercourse and hence remains constant within the limits
- These are called Rigid modules.
Example: Gibb's module
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