Maximum Permissible Longitudinal Gradient for Airport Type D and E:

The maximum permissible longitudinal gradient for airstrips for Airport Type D and E is 3.0%. This gradient limit is set to ensure the safe landing and takeoff of aircraft on the runway.

Importance of Maximum Gradient:

- The gradient of the airstrip plays a crucial role in the safe operation of aircraft.
- A steep gradient can affect the performance of aircraft during takeoff and landing.
- Exceeding the maximum permissible gradient can lead to safety hazards and operational challenges for pilots.

Reason for 3.0% Gradient Limit:

- Airport Type D and E are typically larger airports with heavier aircraft operations.
- The higher gradient limit of 3.0% allows for the safe operation of larger aircraft with greater weight and performance requirements.
- This limit ensures that aircraft can safely land and take off without encountering excessive slopes that can impact their performance.

Compliance with Regulations:

- It is essential for airport authorities and engineers to adhere to the maximum gradient limit specified for Airport Type D and E.
- Compliance with this regulation ensures the safety of passengers, crew, and aircraft during operations.
- Regular monitoring and maintenance of the airstrip gradient are necessary to ensure compliance with the set limit.

In conclusion, the maximum permissible longitudinal gradient for airstrips for Airport Type D and E is set at 3.0% to ensure safe operations of larger aircraft at these airports. Adhering to this limit is crucial for maintaining safety standards and operational efficiency in the aviation industry.