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The decision to become either a trophoblast or inner cell mass blastomere is one of the first decisions taken by any mammalian embryo. Below is a diagrammatic representation of the different cells formed during development from the morula with the help of different molecules. Identify the molecules 1-4, sequentially. 
  • a)
    cdx 2, Oct 4, Nanog, Stat 3
  • b)
    cdx 2, Nanog, Stat 3, Oct 4
  • c)
    cdx 2, Nanog, Oct 4, Stat 3
  • d)
    cdx 2, Oct 4, Stat 3, Nanog
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Verified Answer
The decision to become either a trophoblast or inner cell mass blastom...
Concept:
  • Trophectoderm (TE) is the first differentiated cell lineage to arise in mammalian embryogenesis.
  • Mouse zygotes cleave three times to generate 8-cell stage embryos.
  • After the third cleavage, the blastomeres undergo a morphological change known as compaction.
  • The next round of cell divisions tends to occur along the apical-basal axis of the blastomeres, resulting in the formation of a 16-cell morula consisting of small inner cells enclosed within larger outer cells.
  • Most of the outer cells are then epithelialized and become TE, whereas the inner cells go on to generate the inner cell mass (ICM) in blastocysts.
  • Cell-fate analyses revealed that the ICM gives rise to all of the embryonic cells and the extraembryonic endoderm, whereas TE forms the embryonic portion of the placenta, a structure unique to mammalian development  .
  • Therefore, the differentiation of TE can be regarded as a hallmark event in mammalian early development.
Explanation:
Fig 1: Role of 
cdx 2, Oct 4, Nanog, Stat 3 in morula

  • The pluripotent embryonic stem (ES) cells derived from the ICM can be induced to undergo differentiation toward the TE lineage by forced repression of a POU-family transcription factor, Oct3/4, whereas its overexpression induces differentiation mainly to extraembryonic endoderm.
  • It was recently studied  that Caudal-related homeobox 2 (Cdx2) is involved in TE formation at the blastocyst stage in mice.
  • The expression of Cdx2 in the pre- and early post-implantation embryos is tightly restricted in the TE lineage, especially in its proliferating population.
  • Detailed analysis of mutant embryos lacking zygotic Cdx2 showed that they do form blastocyst-like structures with TE-like cells.
  •  However, these mutant blastocysts never implant due to the abnormality of these TE-like cells, which ectopically express genes characteristic of pluripotent stem cells, such as Oct3/4 and Nanog, but lack the expression of TE marker genes.
  • These data clearly indicated the importance of Cdx2 in TE, but it has yet to be revealed whether the function of this gene is essential for initiating the differentiation of TE or for its functional maturation.
  •  
    STAT3 forms a dimer and regulates the expression of pluripotency factors, like Klf4, Nanog, and Tfcp2l1.
     
      hence the correct answer is option 1
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The decision to become either a trophoblast or inner cell mass blastomere is one of the first decisions taken by any mammalian embryo. Below is a diagrammatic representation of the different cells formed during development from the morula with the help of different molecules. Identify the molecules 1-4, sequentially. a)cdx 2, Oct 4, Nanog, Stat 3b)cdx 2, Nanog, Stat 3, Oct 4c)cdx 2, Nanog, Oct 4, Stat 3d)cdx 2, Oct 4, Stat 3, NanogCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
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The decision to become either a trophoblast or inner cell mass blastomere is one of the first decisions taken by any mammalian embryo. Below is a diagrammatic representation of the different cells formed during development from the morula with the help of different molecules. Identify the molecules 1-4, sequentially. a)cdx 2, Oct 4, Nanog, Stat 3b)cdx 2, Nanog, Stat 3, Oct 4c)cdx 2, Nanog, Oct 4, Stat 3d)cdx 2, Oct 4, Stat 3, NanogCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? for Software Development 2025 is part of Software Development preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the Software Development exam syllabus. Information about The decision to become either a trophoblast or inner cell mass blastomere is one of the first decisions taken by any mammalian embryo. Below is a diagrammatic representation of the different cells formed during development from the morula with the help of different molecules. Identify the molecules 1-4, sequentially. a)cdx 2, Oct 4, Nanog, Stat 3b)cdx 2, Nanog, Stat 3, Oct 4c)cdx 2, Nanog, Oct 4, Stat 3d)cdx 2, Oct 4, Stat 3, NanogCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for Software Development 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for The decision to become either a trophoblast or inner cell mass blastomere is one of the first decisions taken by any mammalian embryo. Below is a diagrammatic representation of the different cells formed during development from the morula with the help of different molecules. Identify the molecules 1-4, sequentially. a)cdx 2, Oct 4, Nanog, Stat 3b)cdx 2, Nanog, Stat 3, Oct 4c)cdx 2, Nanog, Oct 4, Stat 3d)cdx 2, Oct 4, Stat 3, NanogCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?.
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