Who among the following rejected scientific determinism and advocated ...
According to Popper, Scientific determinism is a doctrine that if we were given a sufficiently precise description of events, together with all the laws of nature, any events could be rationally predicted, with any desired degree of precision.
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Who among the following rejected scientific determinism and advocated ...
Antonio Gramsci
Antonio Gramsci was an Italian Marxist philosopher and politician who rejected scientific determinism and advocated political and intellectual struggle. Here is why he rejected scientific determinism and promoted political and intellectual struggle:
Rejecting Scientific Determinism:
- Gramsci believed that historical materialism, as proposed by Marx and Engels, was too deterministic and simplistic in its view of social change.
- He argued that history is not predetermined by economic forces alone, but is shaped by cultural, political, and intellectual factors as well.
- Gramsci emphasized the role of human agency and the importance of ideas, culture, and ideology in shaping society.
Advocating Political and Intellectual Struggle:
- Gramsci believed that in order to bring about social change, intellectuals and political activists needed to engage in a "war of position" to challenge hegemonic ideologies and institutions.
- He advocated for a more active and strategic approach to politics, emphasizing the need for a revolutionary vanguard to lead the working class in their struggle against capitalism.
- Gramsci's concept of "organic intellectualism" stressed the importance of intellectuals being connected to and embedded within the working class, in order to develop a revolutionary consciousness.
In conclusion, Antonio Gramsci rejected scientific determinism in favor of a more nuanced and complex understanding of social change, and he advocated for political and intellectual struggle as the means to achieve a more just and equitable society.