Differences between Roman and Iranian Army

Organization and Structure
- The Roman army was divided into legions, each consisting of around 5,000 soldiers. Legions were further divided into cohorts, centuries, and maniples.
- The Iranian army, on the other hand, was organized into units known as "hazārān" which were made up of 1,000 soldiers. These units were further divided into smaller groups called "dathabhān" and "sakān".

Equipment and Weapons
- Roman soldiers were equipped with standardized weapons such as the gladius (sword), pilum (javelin), and scutum (shield). They also wore armor for protection.
- Iranian soldiers used various weapons including bows, swords, and spears. They were known for their skilled archery and horseback riding abilities.

Tactics and Strategy
- Romans were known for their disciplined formation tactics such as the famous "testudo" formation used for protection against arrows.
- Iranians utilized tactics such as feigned retreats to lure enemies into traps and ambushes. They were skilled in guerrilla warfare tactics.

Leadership and Command Structure
- The Roman army had a strict hierarchy with commanders such as generals leading legions and centurions leading individual units.
- The Iranian army had a more decentralized command structure with regional leaders known as "spahbeds" having significant autonomy in battle decisions.

Training and Recruitment
- Roman soldiers underwent rigorous training and were recruited from Roman citizens who served for a set period of time.
- Iranian soldiers were often conscripted from various regions of the empire and were trained in combat skills from a young age.