Epidermal tissue do not have intercellular spaces which helps to protect it from loss of water and invasions by bacteria, fungi etc.

Introduction

Epidermal tissue is the outermost layer of cells in plants that covers the surfaces of leaves, stems, roots, and other plant organs. Unlike other types of plant tissues, the epidermis does not have intercellular spaces, meaning that the cells are closely packed together without any significant gaps between them. This unique characteristic of the epidermal tissue serves several important functions in plants.

Protection

One of the primary functions of the epidermal tissue is to provide protection to the underlying plant tissues. The absence of intercellular spaces ensures that the epidermis forms a continuous and impermeable barrier, preventing the entry of pathogens, pests, and harmful chemicals. This protective layer also reduces water loss through evaporation, preventing desiccation and maintaining proper hydration levels within the plant.

Minimization of Transpiration

Transpiration is the process by which plants lose water through the stomata, which are tiny openings found on the epidermis. The absence of intercellular spaces in the epidermal tissue helps to minimize transpiration by reducing the surface area available for water loss. The closely packed cells of the epidermis provide a compact and efficient layer that helps to regulate the exchange of gases and water vapor, thus preventing excessive water loss.

Regulation of Gas Exchange

The epidermal tissue plays a crucial role in regulating gas exchange within the plant. The epidermal cells contain specialized structures called stomata, which are responsible for gas exchange. Stomata are usually found on the lower surface of leaves and allow for the diffusion of gases such as oxygen and carbon dioxide. The absence of intercellular spaces in the epidermal tissue ensures that the gases can efficiently move through the stomata and reach the internal tissues of the plant.

Mechanical Support

In addition to its protective function, the epidermal tissue also provides mechanical support to the plant. The closely packed cells of the epidermis create a rigid outer layer that helps to maintain the structural integrity of the plant. This is particularly important in leaves, where the epidermal tissue prevents the wilting or collapsing of the leaf due to its compact arrangement.

Conclusion

In summary, the absence of intercellular spaces in the epidermal tissue of plants serves several important functions. It provides protection to the underlying tissues, minimizes water loss through transpiration, regulates gas exchange, and provides mechanical support. The compact arrangement of cells in the epidermis ensures that these functions are efficiently carried out, contributing to the overall health and survival of the plant.