Which of the following cannot be separated by sublimation?a) Iodine an...
Understanding Sublimation
Sublimation is the process where a solid transforms directly into a gas without passing through the liquid phase. It is a useful method for separating components based on their physical properties.
Components of the Mixtures
- Iodine and Sodium Chloride: Iodine sublimates easily, while sodium chloride does not. This mixture can be separated, as iodine can transition to gas and leave sodium chloride behind.
- Iodine and Ammonium Chloride: Both iodine and ammonium chloride can sublimate, but ammonium chloride sublimates at a lower temperature. Thus, they can be separated based on their sublimation points.
- Camphor and Sodium Chloride: Camphor also sublimates readily, while sodium chloride remains solid. This allows for effective separation through sublimation.
- Naphthalene and Sand: Naphthalene sublimates, but sand does not. This mixture can be separated, as the naphthalene can turn into vapor, leaving the sand behind.
Conclusion
Among the given options, the mixture that cannot be separated by sublimation is:
Iodine and Ammonium Chloride
Though they both sublime, the challenge lies in their overlapping sublimation temperatures, making it difficult to achieve a clear separation. The presence of ammonium chloride complicates the process, as it tends to depolymerize or decompose when heated, which can lead to a loss of iodine or an impure product.
In summary, while many combinations can be separated by sublimation, iodine and ammonium chloride present a unique challenge that makes them less suitable for this method.
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