Institutions in Indian Democracy
In the Indian democracy, various institutions play crucial roles in the decision-making process. Each institution has its distinct functions and responsibilities, contributing to the governance of the country.
Parliament
- The Parliament is the supreme legislative body, responsible for making laws.
- It consists of two houses: the Lok Sabha (House of the People) and the Rajya Sabha (Council of States).
- Members of the Lok Sabha are directly elected by the public, while the Rajya Sabha members are elected by the state legislatures.
Executive
- The Executive branch is headed by the President, who is the ceremonial head of state.
- The Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers execute laws and govern the country.
- The Executive implements policies and decisions made by the Parliament.
Judiciary
- The Judiciary ensures justice and upholds the Constitution.
- The Supreme Court is the highest court, followed by High Courts and subordinate courts.
- It has the power of judicial review, allowing it to invalidate laws that are unconstitutional.
Political Parties
- Political parties are essential in representing diverse opinions and interests in the society.
- They play a significant role in the electoral process and decision-making.
- Major parties include the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), Indian National Congress (INC), and several regional parties.
Bureaucracy
- The Bureaucracy consists of civil servants who implement government policies and administer public services.
- It acts as a bridge between the elected representatives and the public.
- The efficiency and integrity of the bureaucracy are vital for effective governance.
Media
- The Media serves as a watchdog, informing the public and holding institutions accountable.
- It plays a vital role in shaping public opinion and influencing policy decisions.
- Responsible journalism is crucial for a healthy democracy.
These institutions collectively ensure that the democratic processes function smoothly, promoting accountability, representation, and governance in India.