The nij cultivation was a part of the indigo cultivation. In nij cultivation, the planters produced indigo in lands that he directly controlled. The planters either bought the land or rented it from other zamindars and produced indigo by directly employing hired labourers.

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Nij cultivation is a type of agriculture technique that involves the use of a small area of land for crop cultivation. It is also known as "slash and burn" agriculture or shifting cultivation. This method of cultivation is practiced by many indigenous communities in the tropical rainforest regions of the world.

Process of Nij Cultivation:

The process of nij cultivation involves the following steps:

1. Clearing of Land: The first step in nij cultivation is the clearing of a small area of land. The trees and other vegetation in the area are cut down and left to dry.

2. Burning of Debris: Once the vegetation is dry, it is set on fire. This burns off the debris and helps to fertilize the soil.

3. Planting of Crops: The next step is the planting of crops. The soil is usually very fertile after the burning, so the crops grow quickly.

4. Harvesting: The crops are harvested when they are ready. This usually happens after a few months.

Advantages of Nij Cultivation:

1. Low Cost: Nij cultivation is a low-cost method of agriculture. It does not require any expensive machinery or fertilizers.

2. Sustainable: Nij cultivation is a sustainable method of agriculture. The land is left fallow for a few years after the crops have been harvested. This allows the soil to regenerate and the forest to recover.

3. Cultural Significance: Nij cultivation is an important part of many indigenous cultures. It is a way of life that has been passed down from generation to generation.

Disadvantages of Nij Cultivation:

1. Deforestation: The clearing of land for nij cultivation can lead to deforestation. This can have a negative impact on the environment.

2. Soil Degradation: If the land is not left fallow for long enough, the soil can become degraded. This can lead to a decrease in crop yields over time.

3. Unsustainable: Nij cultivation is not sustainable if the population grows too quickly. As more land is cleared for farming, the forest is unable to recover.

In conclusion, nij cultivation is a traditional method of agriculture that has been practiced by indigenous communities for centuries. While it has its advantages, it is important to consider the environmental impact of this method of farming.