Manometers are devices in which columns of a suitable liquid are used to measure the difference in pressure between two points or between a certain point and the atmosphere. Manometer is needed for measuring large gauge pressures. It is basically the modified form of the piezometric tube.

Explanation:
Manometer is a device used for measuring the pressure at a point in a fluid. It is a simple and common measuring instrument used in fluid mechanics.

Components of a Manometer:

A manometer consists of the following components:

1. U-shaped tube: It is a glass or plastic tube in the shape of a U. One end of the tube is open to the atmosphere, and the other end is connected to the point where the pressure is to be measured.

2. Fluid: The U-shaped tube is partially filled with a fluid, such as water, mercury, or oil.

Working of a Manometer:

When the pressure at the point where the manometer is connected changes, the fluid in the U-shaped tube also changes its level. The difference in the height of the fluid in the two arms of the U-shaped tube is a measure of the pressure difference between the two points.

Types of Manometers:

There are different types of manometers based on their design and application. Some of the common types are:

1. Simple Manometer: It consists of a U-shaped tube partially filled with a fluid. It is used to measure small pressure differences.

2. Differential Manometer: It consists of two U-shaped tubes connected to each other. It is used to measure the pressure difference between two points.

3. Inclined Manometer: It consists of a U-shaped tube inclined at an angle to the horizontal. It is used to measure fluid pressure in pipes and ducts.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, a manometer is a device used for measuring the pressure at a point in a fluid. It is a simple and commonly used instrument in fluid mechanics.

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