The Battle of Plassey:

The Battle of Plassey took place on June 23, 1757, in the Bengal region of India. It marked a significant turning point in Indian history as it led to the establishment of British dominance in the subcontinent. Here are the key details about the Battle of Plassey:

Causes:
- The East India Company had established a trading base in Bengal, which was facing political instability.
- Siraj ud-Daulah, the Nawab of Bengal, was suspicious of the Company's activities and sought to assert his authority by capturing the British trading posts.
- The British, led by Robert Clive, saw an opportunity to expand their influence and protect their trading interests.

Events:
- Siraj ud-Daulah attacked the British-controlled Fort William in Calcutta, leading to the infamous incident known as the Black Hole of Calcutta.
- The British retaliated by forming alliances with local dissidents, including Mir Jafar, who desired to overthrow Siraj ud-Daulah.
- On the day of the battle, Clive's forces engaged in a strategic maneuver by bribing Mir Jafar to betray Siraj ud-Daulah.
- Despite being outnumbered, the British forces managed to defeat Siraj ud-Daulah's army with the help of their superior artillery and the betrayal of Mir Jafar's forces.
- Siraj ud-Daulah fled the battlefield, and Mir Jafar was installed as the new Nawab of Bengal, effectively becoming a puppet ruler under British control.

Consequences:
- The Battle of Plassey solidified British control over Bengal and paved the way for their subsequent expansion in India.
- The British East India Company gained significant economic and political power, eventually leading to the establishment of British colonial rule in India.
- The battle also marked the beginning of the decline of the Mughal Empire and the rise of British imperialism in the subcontinent.

The Battle of Buxar:

The Battle of Buxar took place on October 22, 1764, near the town of Buxar in present-day Bihar, India. It was a decisive conflict that further strengthened British control over the Indian subcontinent. Here are the key details about the Battle of Buxar:

Causes:
- The British East India Company sought to expand its territorial control in India and secure economic dominance.
- The Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II, along with the Nawabs of Awadh and Bengal, formed an alliance to resist British encroachment.

Events:
- The British forces, led by Hector Munro, engaged in a battle against the combined forces of the Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II, the Nawab of Awadh, and the Nawab of Bengal.
- The British troops, consisting of well-disciplined soldiers and superior artillery, tactically outmaneuvered and defeated the alliance forces.
- The battle lasted only a few hours, resulting in a decisive victory for the British.

Consequences:
- The Battle of Buxar further consolidated British control over Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa.
- The defeated alliance was forced to sign the Treaty of Allahabad in 1765, granting the British East India Company the Diwani rights (the right to collect revenue) over Bengal,

The Battle of Plassey was fought between East India Company's army and Mughal emperor Shah Alam II. The Battle of Buxar was fought by the East India Company's army and Nawab Mir Kasim. The two battles are said to be “incidental allies”.