how many electrons are present in 3d subshell and why?

Question

Answer

Let's talk in maximum potential of electron 'holding' capacity of the shell. The 3rd shellhas 3 subshells.The first subshell has 1 orbital that can hold 2 electrons.The second subshell has 3 orbitals that can hold 6 electrons total.The third subshell has 5 orbitals that can hold 10 electrons total.Adding everything up, we have 9 orbitals and 18 electron holding capcity for the 3rd subshell of any atom.

Answer

there are 5  3d orbital in 3d subshell  ,therefore it contain maximum 10 electron .

Answer

Introduction:
The 3d subshell is a part of the third energy level (n=3) in an atom. It consists of five orbitals, each capable of holding up to two electrons. To determine the number of electrons present in the 3d subshell, we need to consider the electron configuration and the filling order of the orbitals.

Electron Configuration:
The electron configuration of an atom describes how the electrons are distributed among the various energy levels and subshells. The electron configuration of the 3d subshell can be determined by following the Aufbau principle, the Pauli exclusion principle, and Hund's rule.

Aufbau Principle:
The Aufbau principle states that electrons occupy the lowest energy orbitals first before filling higher energy orbitals. In the case of the 3d subshell, it is filled after the 4s subshell.

Pauli Exclusion Principle:
The Pauli exclusion principle states that no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of quantum numbers. Each electron in an orbital must have opposite spins (up and down).

Hund's Rule:
Hund's rule states that when electrons occupy orbitals of the same energy level (degenerate orbitals), they do so singly with parallel spins before pairing up.

Filling Order of 3d Subshell:
The filling order of the 3d subshell is determined by its increasing energy levels. The 3d subshell has five orbitals labeled as 3dxy, 3dxz, 3dyz, 3dx^2-y^2, and 3dz^2.

The filling order of the 3d subshell is as follows:
1. 3dxy
2. 3dxz
3. 3dyz
4. 3dx^2-y^2
5. 3dz^2

Number of Electrons in 3d Subshell:
Using the filling order and the rules mentioned above, we can determine the number of electrons present in the 3d subshell.

- The first orbital, 3dxy, can hold a maximum of 2 electrons (one pair).
- The second orbital, 3dxz, can also hold a maximum of 2 electrons (one pair).
- The third orbital, 3dyz, can hold a maximum of 2 electrons (one pair).
- The fourth orbital, 3dx^2-y^2, can hold a maximum of 2 electrons (one pair).
- The fifth orbital, 3dz^2, can hold a maximum of 2 electrons (one pair).

Therefore, the total number of electrons that can be accommodated in the 3d subshell is 10 (2+2+2+2+2).

Conclusion:
In summary, there are 10 electrons present in the 3d subshell. This is because the 3d subshell consists of five orbitals, each capable of holding up to two electrons. The filling order of the 3d subshell follows the Aufbau principle, Pauli exclusion principle, and Hund's rule, resulting in a maximum of 10 electrons occupying the 3d orbitals.

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