The correct answer is b) Fats.

Explanation:

Fats, also known as lipids, provide more than double the energy provided by carbohydrates or proteins in the human body. Here's why:

1. Energy content: Fats have a higher energy density compared to carbohydrates and proteins. While carbohydrates and proteins provide 4 calories per gram, fats provide 9 calories per gram. This means that for the same weight, fats provide more than double the energy.

2. Energy storage: Fats are the body's primary energy storage molecules. When we consume more calories than our body needs, the excess energy is converted into fats and stored in adipose tissue. This stored fat is then used as a source of energy when the body needs it.

3. Slow digestion and sustained energy: Fats take longer to digest compared to carbohydrates and proteins. This slow digestion helps in maintaining a steady release of energy over a longer period. In contrast, carbohydrates provide a quicker burst of energy, but it is used up relatively faster.

4. Insulation and protection: Fats play a crucial role in providing insulation and protection to vital organs. Adipose tissue acts as a cushioning layer around organs, protecting them from physical impact and providing thermal insulation.

5. Absorption of fat-soluble vitamins: Fats are necessary for the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins such as vitamins A, D, E, and K. These vitamins require dietary fats to be properly absorbed and utilized by the body.

It is important to note that while fats are a concentrated source of energy, they should be consumed in moderation as part of a balanced diet. Excessive fat intake can lead to weight gain and various health issues. It is recommended to choose healthier sources of fats, such as unsaturated fats found in nuts, seeds, and oils, and limit the intake of saturated and trans fats found in processed foods and fatty meats.