Sebaceous gland is also known as Oil gland

The correct answer is option 'B' - Oil gland. Sebaceous glands are microscopic glands found in the skin of mammals, including humans. These glands are responsible for producing sebum, an oily substance that lubricates and waterproofs the skin and hair. Sebaceous glands are found throughout the body, except for the palms of the hands and soles of the feet.

Functions of the sebaceous glands:
1. Sebum Production: The main function of sebaceous glands is to produce sebum, an oily substance that helps keep the skin and hair moisturized. Sebum is composed of triglycerides, fatty acids, wax esters, and other components. It forms a protective barrier on the skin's surface, preventing excessive evaporation of water and maintaining the skin's hydration.

2. Lubrication: Sebum acts as a lubricant, making the skin flexible and preventing it from becoming dry, cracked, and itchy. It also lubricates the hair shafts, making them shiny and less prone to breakage.

3. Waterproofing: The oily sebum produced by sebaceous glands helps waterproof the skin, preventing excessive water loss and maintaining the skin's integrity. It also makes the skin less permeable to water and other substances.

4. Protection: Sebum has antimicrobial properties, which help protect the skin from harmful bacteria and fungi. It forms a protective barrier that inhibits the growth of microorganisms on the skin's surface, reducing the risk of infections.

5. Thermoregulation: Sebum helps in the regulation of body temperature by preventing excessive loss of heat through the skin. It acts as an insulating layer, keeping the body warm in cold environments.

Location of sebaceous glands:
Sebaceous glands are found in the dermis, the middle layer of the skin. They are connected to hair follicles and release sebum onto the skin's surface through small ducts. The density of sebaceous glands varies in different areas of the body, with higher concentrations on the face, scalp, chest, and back.

In conclusion, sebaceous glands, also known as oil glands, are responsible for producing sebum, an oily substance that lubricates, waterproofs, and protects the skin and hair. They play a crucial role in maintaining the health and integrity of the skin.