When the athlete runs some distance before taking a high jump, his body already posses inertia of motion. so, due to first law if motion,it doesnt resist the motion of the body,which results in a high jump.on the other hand, when the athlete just stands before taking a jump, his body has inertia of rest, so his body tends to remain at rest(Newton first law of motion). So when he jumps , due to the resist of the body which is at rest, hi takes a small jump.

Introduction:

Athletes often run some distance before taking a jump in various sports such as long jump, high jump, and pole vault. This pre-jump run serves several purposes and is an essential part of the jumping technique.

1. Generating Speed:
Running before a jump allows the athlete to build up speed and momentum. The faster an athlete runs, the more energy they can transfer into their jump, resulting in greater distance or height. The purpose of the run is to maximize the athlete's speed at the takeoff point, which is crucial for achieving a successful jump.

2. Building Kinetic Energy:
The run-up generates kinetic energy in the athlete's body. As the athlete accelerates during the run, their muscles contract and generate energy. This energy is stored in the muscles and tendons, acting as a potential source of power for the jump. The longer the run, the more kinetic energy the athlete can accumulate, contributing to a more explosive jump.

3. Establishing Rhythm and Timing:
The run-up helps athletes establish a consistent rhythm and timing for their jump. By practicing the same run-up distance and speed repeatedly, athletes can develop muscle memory and improve their coordination. This allows them to synchronize their movements and execute the jump with precision and efficiency.

4. Overcoming Inertia:
As an athlete runs, their body gradually overcomes the inertia that comes from a stationary position. Starting from a standstill would require significantly more force and effort to generate speed and momentum. By running, athletes can gradually build up their velocity, making it easier to transition into the jump phase smoothly and explosively.

5. Optimal Takeoff Position:
The run-up allows athletes to position themselves optimally for takeoff. During the run, athletes adjust their stride length and body position to achieve an ideal takeoff angle. The angle of takeoff influences the trajectory and distance or height of the jump. Running beforehand allows athletes to fine-tune their approach and ensure they have the best possible takeoff position.

Conclusion:
Running before a jump is crucial for athletes to generate speed, build kinetic energy, establish rhythm and timing, overcome inertia, and position themselves optimally for takeoff. It is a fundamental part of the jumping technique that enables athletes to achieve their maximum potential and excel in their respective sports.