**Positive Economics:**

Positive economics is a branch of economics that focuses on objective analysis and the study of facts and cause-and-effect relationships. It is concerned with describing and explaining economic phenomena as they are, without making judgments about whether they are good or bad. Positive economics seeks to provide an accurate understanding of how the economy functions and the behavior of economic agents such as individuals, firms, and governments.

**Characteristics of Positive Economics:**

1. Objective Analysis: Positive economics aims to provide an unbiased and objective analysis of economic phenomena. It relies on empirical data, statistical analysis, and scientific methods to understand economic behavior.

2. Descriptive Approach: This branch of economics focuses on describing and explaining economic phenomena as they exist in reality. It seeks to answer questions about what is happening in the economy and why.

3. Cause-and-Effect Relationships: Positive economics emphasizes identifying and analyzing cause-and-effect relationships between different economic variables. It aims to understand the impact of changes in one variable on other variables in the economy.

4. Testable Hypotheses: Positive economics formulates hypotheses that can be tested and verified using empirical data. It relies on rigorous testing and observation to ensure the validity of its findings.

**Normative Economics:**

Normative economics, on the other hand, is concerned with making value judgments and prescribing what ought to be done in the economy. It involves subjective opinions and ethical considerations regarding economic issues. Normative economics deals with questions of what should be done to achieve desirable outcomes or to address economic problems.

**Characteristics of Normative Economics:**

1. Subjective Analysis: Normative economics involves subjective analysis that is influenced by personal values, beliefs, and opinions. It is concerned with evaluating economic situations based on moral and ethical considerations.

2. Prescriptive Approach: This branch of economics focuses on providing recommendations and policy prescriptions to improve or change the existing economic conditions. It aims to address issues of income distribution, resource allocation, and social welfare.

3. Value Judgments: Normative economics requires making value judgments about what is good or bad, fair or unfair, efficient or inefficient in the economy. These judgments are often based on personal ideologies and societal norms.

4. Policy Implications: Normative economics aims to influence policy decisions by providing recommendations on how the economy should be managed. It focuses on achieving desirable outcomes and social objectives.

In summary, positive economics aims to provide an objective analysis of economic phenomena, focusing on describing and explaining how things work in the economy. On the other hand, normative economics involves subjective analysis and value judgments, seeking to prescribe what should be done to achieve desired economic outcomes. Both branches play important roles in understanding and shaping economic policies.

Positive economics deals with economic issues based on facts and figures.Normative economics deals with economic issues based on values,opinions and judgements.
P.E. is verifiable for truth while N.E is not verifiable for truth.