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Series Combination:
When resistors are connected in series, the total resistance is the sum of the individual resistances.
Calculation of equivalent resistance in series combination:
To find the equivalent resistance (R) in a series combination, we can use the formula:
R = R1 + R2
In this case, R1 = 100 Ω and R2 = 200 Ω. Substituting the values into the formula, we get:
R = 100 Ω + 200 Ω = 300 Ω
Therefore, the equivalent resistance in the series combination is 300 Ω.
Parallel Combination:
When resistors are connected in parallel, the reciprocal of the total resistance is equal to the sum of the reciprocals of the individual resistances.
Calculation of equivalent resistance in parallel combination:
To find the equivalent resistance (R') in a parallel combination, we can use the formula:
1/R' = 1/R1 + 1/R2
In this case, R1 = 100 Ω and R2 = 200 Ω. Substituting the values into the formula, we get:
1/R' = 1/100 Ω + 1/200 Ω
To simplify the equation, we need to find a common denominator:
1/R' = (2/200 Ω) + (1/200 Ω) = 3/200 Ω
Taking the reciprocal of both sides, we get:
R' = 200 Ω/3
To simplify the fraction, we can multiply both the numerator and denominator by 100:
R' = (200 Ω/3) * (100/100) = 20000 Ω/300
Simplifying the fraction further, we get:
R' = 200 Ω/3 ≈ 66.67 Ω
Therefore, the equivalent resistance in the parallel combination is approximately 66.67 Ω.
Explanation:
- In a series combination, the total resistance is the sum of the individual resistances because the current flowing through each resistor is the same.
- In a parallel combination, the reciprocal of the total resistance is equal to the sum of the reciprocals of the individual resistances because the voltage across each resistor is the same.
- The formulas used for calculating equivalent resistance in series and parallel combinations are derived from the basic principles of Ohm's law and the behavior of resistors in series and parallel circuits.
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