Series Combination of Capacitors
- When capacitors are connected in series, the total capacitance decreases.
- The formula for calculating the total capacitance in a series combination is 1/Ctotal = 1/C1 + 1/C2 + 1/C3 + ... + 1/Cn.
- The voltage across each capacitor in a series combination is the same.

Parallel Combination of Capacitors
- When capacitors are connected in parallel, the total capacitance increases.
- The formula for calculating the total capacitance in a parallel combination is Ctotal = C1 + C2 + C3 + ... + Cn.
- The voltage across each capacitor in a parallel combination is also the same.

Comparison
- In a series combination, the total capacitance is less than the smallest individual capacitance.
- In a parallel combination, the total capacitance is more than the largest individual capacitance.

Applications
- Series combination is used when a lower capacitance is required in a circuit.
- Parallel combination is used when a higher capacitance is needed.

Conclusion
Understanding the principles of series and parallel combinations of capacitors is essential in designing circuits with the desired capacitance values. By properly combining capacitors in series or parallel, engineers can achieve the required capacitance for various applications.