The events preceding the 1905 revolution in Russia were a culmination of various factors that led to widespread discontent among different sections of the Russian society. These events were instrumental in setting the stage for the revolution that would bring about significant political and social changes in the country.

1. Economic Struggles:
- The majority of the Russian population, particularly peasants and workers, faced harsh living conditions and economic hardships.
- The agrarian crisis was prevalent, with peasants experiencing land shortages and heavy taxation, leading to widespread rural discontent.
- Industrial workers endured long working hours, low wages, and poor working conditions, fueling their dissatisfaction.

2. Political Repression:
- Russia had an autocratic regime under Tsar Nicholas II, who possessed absolute power and ruled with an iron fist.
- The lack of political freedoms, censorship, and suppression of dissenting voices created a climate of frustration and discontent among the intelligentsia and liberal groups.

3. Russo-Japanese War:
- The defeat of Russia in the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905) further exacerbated the existing grievances.
- The loss highlighted the inadequacies of the government and military, leading to a wave of protests and calls for political reform.

4. Bloody Sunday:
- On January 9, 1905, a peaceful workers' demonstration in St. Petersburg turned violent when the Imperial Guard fired upon the crowd, resulting in several casualties.
- This event, known as Bloody Sunday, triggered widespread outrage and ignited a wave of strikes, protests, and uprisings across the country.

5. Formation of Soviets and Strikes:
- As a response to the repressive regime, workers began forming Soviets (councils) to organize strikes and protests.
- These Soviets acted as platforms for workers to voice their demands and coordinate their actions, leading to increased mobilization against the government.

6. October Manifesto:
- In an attempt to quell the unrest, Tsar Nicholas II issued the October Manifesto in October 1905, promising civil liberties, the establishment of a legislative body (Duma), and other reforms.
- This move aimed to appease the revolutionaries and pacify the masses, but it fell short of their expectations and failed to resolve the underlying issues.

Overall, the events presiding the 1905 revolution in Russia consisted of economic struggles, political repression, the Russo-Japanese War, the violent suppression of the peaceful demonstration on Bloody Sunday, the formation of Soviets and widespread strikes, and the issuing of the October Manifesto. These events collectively laid the foundation for the revolution and highlighted the need for significant political and social changes in Russia.