What is valency?how to find valency of all elements?

Question

Answer

Combining capacity of elements is called valency...if valence electrons of an element is 1-4.. then it's valency is same or equal to valence electron.. Bt if it's valence electrons is 5-8.. then it's valency =(8-no. of valence electrons..)

Answer

>The combining capacity of an atom is called valency
Or
>The electrons in outer most shell is known as valency

Answer

What is Valency?
Valency refers to the ability of an atom to bond with other atoms, determined by the number of electrons in its outermost shell (valence shell). It indicates how many electrons an atom can gain, lose, or share during chemical reactions to achieve a stable electronic configuration, typically resembling that of noble gases.
Understanding Valency
- Electrons in the Valence Shell: The valency is primarily influenced by the number of electrons in the valence shell.
- Types of Valency:
- Positive Valency: Atoms that lose electrons (e.g., metals) have a positive valency.
- Negative Valency: Atoms that gain electrons (e.g., non-metals) have a negative valency.
- Zero Valency: Noble gases have a valency of zero due to their full valence shell.
How to Find the Valency of Elements
1. Identify the Group: The group number in the periodic table often indicates the valency.
- Group 1: Valency = 1
- Group 2: Valency = 2
- Group 13: Valency = 3
- Group 14: Valency = 4
- Group 15: Valency = 3 (or 5 for non-metals)
- Group 16: Valency = 2
- Group 17: Valency = 1
- Group 18: Valency = 0
2. Determine Electron Configuration: Analyze the electron configuration to find how many electrons need to be lost or gained.
3. Use Common Oxidation States: Familiarize yourself with common oxidation states for different elements, which often correspond to their valency.
Conclusion
Valency is a fundamental concept in chemistry that helps predict how elements will interact with each other. Understanding the valency of elements is crucial for studying chemical bonding and reactions.

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