"Irrigation" is an agricultural practice in which farmers apply water to the main crops at different intervals.

**Irrigation: The Process of Watering Crop Plants in the Field at Different Intervals**

Irrigation is the correct answer for the process of watering crop plants in the field at different intervals. Irrigation is the artificial application of water to the soil to supplement the rainfall and provide the necessary moisture for crop plants to grow and thrive. It is an essential practice in agriculture, particularly in areas where rainfall is insufficient or irregular.

Irrigation can be done using various methods, depending on the type of crop, soil conditions, availability of water, and other factors. Some commonly used irrigation methods include surface irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, and drip irrigation.

**Surface Irrigation:**

Surface irrigation is the most common and traditional method of irrigation. In this method, water is distributed over the soil surface and allowed to infiltrate into the root zone of the crop plants. It can be further classified into different types, such as flood irrigation, furrow irrigation, and border irrigation. Surface irrigation is suitable for crops like rice, wheat, and sugarcane.

**Sprinkler Irrigation:**

Sprinkler irrigation involves the use of sprinklers to distribute water over the field. The sprinklers spray water into the air, and it falls onto the crops like rain. This method is beneficial for crops that require uniform water distribution, such as vegetables, orchards, and lawns. Sprinkler irrigation helps in reducing water wastage and can be automated for efficient water management.

**Drip Irrigation:**

Drip irrigation is a method where water is supplied directly to the root zone of the plants through a network of pipes and emitters. It is a highly efficient method that reduces water loss due to evaporation and helps in maintaining optimal soil moisture levels. Drip irrigation is suitable for crops like fruits, vegetables, and flowers, where water requirements are specific and can be precisely controlled.

**Advantages of Irrigation:**

- Increases crop yield: Irrigation ensures that crop plants receive the required amount of water, leading to improved growth and higher yields.
- Crop diversification: Irrigation allows for the cultivation of a variety of crops that are not suited for rain-fed conditions.
- Mitigates drought: In areas with low rainfall or drought-prone regions, irrigation helps in sustaining agricultural activities.
- Improved water management: Irrigation techniques like drip irrigation minimize water wastage and promote efficient water usage.
- Enhanced soil fertility: Irrigation can help in leaching out excess salts from the soil, preventing soil salinization and maintaining soil fertility.

In conclusion, irrigation is the process of watering crop plants in the field at different intervals. It is a vital agricultural practice that ensures the adequate supply of water to crops, leading to increased productivity and better crop health.