The mole concept is a fundamental concept in chemistry that is used to measure the amount of a substance in a given sample. It is based on the idea that the number of particles in a substance can be measured in terms of the number of moles of that substance.

Definition of Mole

A mole is defined as the amount of a substance that contains the same number of particles as there are atoms in 12 grams of carbon-12. This number is known as Avogadro's number and is equal to 6.022 x 10^23.

Molar Mass

The molar mass of a substance is the mass of one mole of that substance. It is expressed in grams per mole (g/mol). The molar mass of a substance can be calculated by adding up the atomic masses of all the atoms in a molecule.

Calculating Number of Moles

The number of moles of a substance can be calculated by dividing the mass of the substance by its molar mass. This is represented by the formula:

Number of moles = Mass of substance / Molar mass

Applications of Mole Concept

The mole concept is used in a variety of applications in chemistry, including:

- Stoichiometry: The mole concept is used to calculate the quantities of reactants and products in a chemical reaction.
- Concentration: The mole concept is used to calculate the concentration of a solution in terms of moles per liter.
- Empirical and molecular formulas: The mole concept is used to calculate the empirical and molecular formulas of a compound.
- Limiting reactant: The mole concept is used to determine the limiting reactant in a chemical reaction.

In conclusion, the mole concept is a fundamental concept in chemistry that is used to measure the amount of a substance in a given sample. It is based on the idea of the number of particles in a substance and is used in a variety of applications in chemistry.

Mole concept is used to determine amount(number) of an entity(atom, molecule ,ion,etc). And that no. is called Mole.So,1mole =12 grams/mass of one atom of carbon)=12/1.9926*10^-23=6.022*10^23.Then,1 mole of any substance =6.022*10^23.For ex-we called 1 mole of potato that means 6.022*10^23 potatoes.