Which one of the following most accurately describes the process of na...
Process of Natural Selection
Natural selection is a fundamental mechanism of evolution. It is the process by which certain traits become more or less common in a population over time. The following describes the process of natural selection:
Variation
The first step in natural selection is the presence of variation within a population. Individuals in a population exhibit variation in their traits, such as color, size, and shape. This variation is due to differences in their genes and the environment.
Selection Pressure
The second step is selection pressure. Environmental factors such as predators, disease, and competition for resources create a selection pressure on a population. These factors determine which individuals survive and reproduce, and which do not.
Survival and Reproduction
The third step is survival and reproduction. Individuals that are better adapted to their environment have a greater chance of surviving and reproducing. These individuals pass on their advantageous traits to their offspring, while those that are less adapted do not.
Over Time
Over time, the advantageous traits become more common in the population. This is because the individuals with these traits are more likely to survive and reproduce. The less advantageous traits become less common in the population, as the individuals with these traits are less likely to survive and reproduce.
Conclusion
In conclusion, natural selection is the process by which certain traits become more or less common in a population over time. It occurs through variation, selection pressure, survival and reproduction, and over time. The individuals that produce more than the average number of offspring are more likely to survive and pass on their advantageous traits to their offspring, leading to the evolution of a population.