Vachya - Hindi Grammar Explain in detail

Introduction to Vachya
Vachya is a term used in Hindi grammar to refer to the voice or form of a verb. It indicates the relationship between the subject and the action expressed by the verb. In Hindi, there are three types of Vachya:
1. Kartari Vachya (Active Voice)
2. Karmani Vachya (Passive Voice)
3. Bhav Vachya (Impersonal Voice)

Kartari Vachya (Active Voice)
Kartari Vachya is the most commonly used form of Vachya. In this form, the subject performs the action expressed by the verb. The structure of Kartari Vachya in Hindi is as follows:
Subject + Verb + Object

Example:
- Ram khana khata hai. (Ram is eating food.)
- Main kitab padh raha hu. (I am reading a book.)

Karmani Vachya (Passive Voice)
Karmani Vachya is used when the subject undergoes the action expressed by the verb. In this form, the object of the active voice sentence becomes the subject of the passive voice sentence. The structure of Karmani Vachya in Hindi is as follows:
Object + Verb + Subject

Example:
- Khana Ram se khaya gaya. (The food was eaten by Ram.)
- Kitab mujhse padhi jaati hai. (The book is read by me.)

Bhav Vachya (Impersonal Voice)
Bhav Vachya is used when the emphasis is on the action rather than the subject or the object. It is also used when the subject is unknown or irrelevant. The structure of Bhav Vachya in Hindi is as follows:
Verb + जाता है / जाती है / जाते हैं

Example:
- Chalo. (Let's go.)
- Socho. (Think.)

Conclusion
Understanding Vachya is essential in Hindi grammar as it helps convey different aspects of an action. By using Kartari Vachya, Karmani Vachya, or Bhav Vachya, one can effectively express the relationship between the subject and the verb in a sentence. Practice and familiarity with these forms of Vachya will greatly enhance one's ability to communicate in Hindi.