Here is a document for the nomenclature of organic compounds in Class 11th chemistry:

Nomenclature of Organic Compounds
Class 11th Chemistry

Introduction:
Nomenclature is the system of assigning names to organic compounds. In organic chemistry, a systematic method is used to name compounds based on their structure and functional groups. The IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) system is widely used for naming organic compounds.

Rules for Nomenclature:

1. Identify the parent chain:
- The parent chain is the longest continuous carbon chain in the molecule.
- Number the atoms in the parent chain starting from the end nearest to the first substituent.
- If there are multiple chains of the same length, choose the one with the most substituents.

2. Number the parent chain:
- Number the carbon atoms in the parent chain sequentially, starting from the end nearest to the first substituent.
- Assign the lowest possible number to the substituents.

3. Identify and name the substituents:
- Substituents are groups attached to the parent chain.
- Common substituents include alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, etc.
- Number the substituents according to their position on the parent chain.

4. Name the compound:
- Combine the names of the substituents and the parent chain to give the name of the compound.
- Use prefixes such as di-, tri-, tetra- to indicate multiple substituents of the same kind.
- Indicate the position of each substituent using numbers separated by commas.
- Use hyphens to separate numbers and letters, and commas to separate numbers.

Examples:

1. CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3
- The parent chain is butane.
- The compound is named as butane.

2. CH3-CH(CH3)-CH3
- The parent chain is propane.
- The substituent is methyl.
- The compound is named as 2-methylpropane.

3. CH3-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH3
- The parent chain is butane.
- The substituent is methyl.
- The compound is named as 2-methylbutane.

4. CH3-CH2-CH(Cl)-CH3
- The parent chain is butane.
- The substituent is chloro.
- The compound is named as 2-chlorobutane.

Note: This document provides a basic understanding of the nomenclature of organic compounds. For a more detailed explanation and practice problems, refer to your textbook or consult additional resources.

Related resources:
- Chemistry Class 11- Notes: This resource provides comprehensive notes on various topics in Class 11th Chemistry, including organic compounds and nomenclature.
- Chemistry Class 11- Questions: This resource offers a collection of practice questions to test your understanding of organic compound nomenclature and other concepts in Class 11th Chemistry.
- Chemistry Class 11- Videos: This resource provides video lectures covering topics related to organic compounds and nomenclature in Class 11th Chemistry.